Chapter 222: Rules for the conduct according to caste and stage of life

SS 356-358

munaya ūcuḥ:

BRP222.001.1 śrotum icchāmahe brahman varṇadharmān viśeṣataḥ |
BRP222.001.2 caturāśramadharmāṃś ca dvijavarya bravīhi tān || 1 ||

vyāsa uvāca:

BRP222.002.1 brāhmaṇakṣatriyaviśāṃ śūdrāṇāṃ ca yathākramam |
BRP222.002.2 śṛṇudhvaṃ saṃyatā bhūtvā varṇadharmān mayoditān || 2 ||
BRP222.003.1 dānadayātapodevayajñasvādhyāyatatparaḥ |
BRP222.003.2 nityodakī bhaved vipraḥ kuryāc cāgniparigraham || 3 ||
BRP222.004.1 vṛttyarthaṃ yājayet tv anyān dvijān adhyāpayet tathā |
BRP222.004.2 kuryāt pratigrahādānaṃ yajñārthaṃ jñānato dvijāḥ || 4 ||
BRP222.005.1 sarvalokahitaṃ kuryān nāhitaṃ kasyacid dvijāḥ |
BRP222.005.2 maitrī samastasattveṣu brāhmaṇasyottamaṃ dhanam || 5 ||
BRP222.006.1 gavi ratne ca pārakye samabuddhir bhaved dvijāḥ |
BRP222.006.2 ṛtāv abhigamaḥ patnyāṃ śasyate vāsya bho dvijāḥ || 6 ||
BRP222.007.1 dānāni dadyād icchāto dvijebhyaḥ kṣatriyo 'pi hi |
BRP222.007.2 yajec ca vividhair yajñair adhīyīta ca bho dvijāḥ || 7 ||
BRP222.008.1 śastrājīvo mahīrakṣā pravarā tasya jīvikā |
BRP222.008.2 tasyāpi prathame kalpe pṛthivīparipālanam || 8 ||
BRP222.009.1 dharitrīpālanenaiva kṛtakṛtyā narādhipāḥ |
BRP222.009.2 bhavanti nṛpate rakṣā yato yajñādikarmaṇām || 9 ||
BRP222.010.1 duṣṭānāṃ śāsanād rājā śiṣṭānāṃ paripālanāt |
BRP222.010.2 prāpnoty abhimatāṃl lokān varṇasaṃsthāpako nṛpaḥ || 10 ||
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BRP222.011.1 pāśupālyaṃ vaṇijyāṃ ca kṛṣiṃ ca munisattamāḥ |
BRP222.011.2 vaiśyāya jīvikāṃ brahmā dadau lokapitāmahaḥ || 11 ||
BRP222.012.1 tasyāpy adhyayanaṃ yajño dānaṃ dharmaś ca śasyate |
BRP222.012.2 nityanaimittikādīnām anuṣṭhānaṃ ca karmaṇām || 12 ||
BRP222.013.1 dvijātisaṃśrayaṃ karma tadarthaṃ tena poṣaṇam |
BRP222.013.2 krayavikrayajair vāpi dhanaiḥ kārubhavais tu vā || 13 ||
BRP222.014.1 dānaṃ dadyāc ca śūdro 'pi pākayajñair yajeta ca |
BRP222.014.2 pitryādikaṃ ca vai sarvaṃ śūdraḥ kurvīta tena vai || 14 ||
BRP222.015.1 bhṛtyādibharaṇārthāya sarveṣāṃ ca parigrahāḥ |
BRP222.015.2 ṛtukālābhigamanaṃ svadāreṣu dvijottamāḥ || 15 ||
BRP222.016.1 dayā samastabhūteṣu titikṣā nābhimānitā |
BRP222.016.2 satyaṃ śaucam anāyāso maṅgalaṃ priyavāditā || 16 ||
BRP222.017.1 maitrī caivāspṛhā tadvad akārpaṇyaṃ dvijottamāḥ |
BRP222.017.2 anasūyā ca sāmānyā varṇānāṃ kathitā guṇāḥ || 17 ||
BRP222.018.1 āśramāṇāṃ ca sarveṣām ete sāmānyalakṣaṇāḥ |
BRP222.018.2 guṇās tathopadharmāś ca viprādīnām ime dvijāḥ || 18 ||
BRP222.019.1 kṣātraṃ karma dvijasyoktaṃ vaiśyakarma tathāpadi |
BRP222.019.2 rājanyasya ca vaiśyoktaṃ śūdrakarmāṇi caitayoḥ || 19 ||
BRP222.020.1 sasāmarthye sati tyājyam ubhābhyām api ca dvijāḥ |
BRP222.020.2 tad evāpadi kartavyaṃ na kuryāt karmasaṅkaram || 20 ||
BRP222.021.1 ity ete kathitā viprā varṇadharmā mayādya vai |
BRP222.021.2 dharmam āśramiṇāṃ samyag bruvato 'pi nibodhata || 21 ||
BRP222.022.1 bālaḥ kṛtopanayano vedāharaṇatatparaḥ |
BRP222.022.2 guror gehe vasan viprā brahmacārī samāhitaḥ || 22 ||
BRP222.023.1 śaucācāraratas tatra kāryaṃ śuśrūṣaṇaṃ guroḥ |
BRP222.023.2 vratāni caratā grāhyo vedaś ca kṛtabuddhinā || 23 ||
BRP222.024.1 ubhe sandhye raviṃ viprās tathaivāgniṃ samāhitaḥ |
BRP222.024.2 upatiṣṭhet tathā kuryād guror apy abhivādanam || 24 ||
BRP222.025.1 sthite tiṣṭhed vrajed yāti nīcair āsīta cāsite |
BRP222.025.2 śiṣyo gurau dvijaśreṣṭhāḥ pratikūlaṃ ca santyajet || 25 ||
BRP222.026.1 tenaivoktaṃ paṭhed vedaṃ nānyacittaḥ purasthitaḥ |
BRP222.026.2 anujñātaṃ ca bhikṣānnam aśnīyād guruṇā tataḥ || 26 ||
BRP222.027.1 avagāhed apaḥ pūrvam ācāryeṇāvagāhitāḥ |
BRP222.027.2 samijjalādikaṃ cāsya kalyakalyam upānayet || 27 ||
BRP222.028.1 gṛhītagrāhyavedaś ca tato 'nujñām avāpya vai |
BRP222.028.2 gārhasthyam āvaset prājño niṣpannaguruniṣkṛtiḥ || 28 ||
BRP222.029.1 vidhināvāptadāras tu dhanaṃ prāpya svakarmaṇā |
BRP222.029.2 gṛhasthakāryam akhilaṃ kuryād viprāḥ svaśaktitaḥ || 29 ||
BRP222.030.1 nirvāpeṇa pitṝn arcya yajñair devāṃs tathātithīn |
BRP222.030.2 annair munīṃś ca svādhyāyair apatyena prajāpatim || 30 ||
BRP222.031.1 balikarmaṇā bhūtāni vāksatyenākhilaṃ jagat |
BRP222.031.2 prāpnoti lokān puruṣo nijakarmasamārjitān || 31 ||
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BRP222.032.1 bhikṣābhujaś ca ye kecit parivrāḍ brahmacāriṇaḥ |
BRP222.032.2 te 'py atra pratitiṣṭhanti gārhasthyaṃ tena vai param || 32 ||
BRP222.033.1 vedāharaṇakāryeṇa tīrthasnānāya ca dvijāḥ |
BRP222.033.2 aṭanti vasudhāṃ viprāḥ pṛthivīdarśanāya ca || 33 ||
BRP222.034.1 aniketā hy anāhārā ye tu sāyaṅgṛhās tu te |
BRP222.034.2 teṣāṃ gṛhasthaḥ satataṃ pratiṣṭhā yonir ucyate || 34 ||
BRP222.035.1 teṣāṃ svāgatadānāni vaktavyaṃ madhuraṃ sadā |
BRP222.035.2 gṛhāgatānāṃ dadyāc ca śayanāsanabhojanam || 35 ||
BRP222.036.1 atithir yasya bhagnāśo gṛhāt pratinivartate |
BRP222.036.2 sa dattvā duṣkṛtaṃ tasmai puṇyam ādāya gacchati || 36 ||
BRP222.037.1 avajñānam ahaṅkāro dambhaś cāpi gṛhe sataḥ |
BRP222.037.2 parivādopaghātau ca pāruṣyaṃ ca na śasyate || 37 ||
BRP222.038.1 yaś ca samyak karoty evaṃ gṛhasthaḥ paramaṃ vidhim |
BRP222.038.2 sarvabandhavinirmukto lokān āpnoti cottamān || 38 ||
BRP222.039.1 vayaḥpariṇatau viprāḥ kṛtakṛtyo gṛhāśramī |
BRP222.039.2 putreṣu bhāryāṃ nikṣipya vanaṃ gacchet sahaiva vā || 39 ||
BRP222.040.1 parṇamūlaphalāhāraḥ keśaśmaśrujaṭādharaḥ |
BRP222.040.2 bhūmiśāyī bhavet tatra muniḥ sarvātithir dvijāḥ || 40 ||
BRP222.041.1 carmakāśakuśaiḥ kuryāt paridhānottarīyake |
BRP222.041.2 tadvat triṣavaṇaṃ snānaṃ śastam asya dvijottamāḥ || 41 ||
BRP222.042.1 devatābhyarcanaṃ homaḥ sarvābhyāgatapūjanam |
BRP222.042.2 bhikṣā balipradānaṃ tu śastam asya praśasyate || 42 ||
BRP222.043.1 vanyasnehena gātrāṇām abhyaṅgaś cāpi śasyate |
BRP222.043.2 tapasyā tasya viprendrāḥ śītoṣṇādisahiṣṇutā || 43 ||
BRP222.044.1 yas tv etā niyataś caryā vānaprasthaś caren muniḥ |
BRP222.044.2 sa dahaty agnivad doṣāñ jayel lokāṃś ca śāśvatān || 44 ||
BRP222.045.1 caturthaś cāśramo bhikṣoḥ procyate yo manīṣibhiḥ |
BRP222.045.2 tasya svarūpaṃ gadato budhyadhvaṃ mama sattamāḥ || 45 ||
BRP222.046.1 putradravyakalatreṣu tyajet snehaṃ dvijottamāḥ |
BRP222.046.2 caturtham āśramasthānaṃ gacchen nirdhūtamatsaraḥ || 46 ||
BRP222.047.1 traivarṇikāṃs tyajet sarvān ārambhān dvijasattamāḥ |
BRP222.047.2 mitrādiṣu samo maitraḥ samasteṣv eva jantuṣu || 47 ||
BRP222.048.1 jarāyujāṇḍajādīnāṃ vāṅmanaḥkarmabhiḥ kvacit |
BRP222.048.2 yuktaḥ kurvīta na drohaṃ sarvasaṅgāṃś ca varjayet || 48 ||
BRP222.049.1 ekarātrasthitir grāme pañcarātrasthitiḥ pure |
BRP222.049.2 tathā prītir na tiryakṣu dveṣo vā nāsya jāyate || 49 ||
BRP222.050.1 prāṇayātrānimittaṃ ca vyaṅgāre 'bhuktavajjane |
BRP222.050.2 kāle praśastavarṇānāṃ bhikṣārthī paryaṭed gṛhān || 50 ||
BRP222.051.1 alābhe na viṣādī syāl lābhe naiva ca harṣayet |
BRP222.051.2 prāṇayātrikamātraḥ syān mātrāsaṅgād vinirgataḥ || 51 ||
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BRP222.052.1 atipūjitalābhāṃs tu jugupsaṃ caiva sarvataḥ |
BRP222.052.2 atipūjitalābhais tu yatir mukto 'pi badhyate || 52 ||
BRP222.053.1 kāmaḥ krodhas tathā darpo lobhamohādayaś ca ye |
BRP222.053.2 tāṃs tu doṣān parityajya parivrāṇ nirmamo bhavet || 53 ||
BRP222.054.1 abhayaṃ sarvasattvebhyo dattvā yaś carate mahīm |
BRP222.054.2 tasya dehād vimuktasya bhayaṃ notpadyate kvacit || 54 ||
BRP222.055.1 kṛtvāgnihotraṃ svaśarīrasaṃsthaṃ |
BRP222.055.2 śārīram agniṃ svamukhe juhoti |
BRP222.055.3 vipras tu bhikṣopagatair havirbhiś |
BRP222.055.4 citāgninā sa vrajati sma lokān || 55 ||
BRP222.056.1 mokṣāśramaṃ yaś carate yathoktaṃ |
BRP222.056.2 śuciś ca saṅkalpitabuddhiyuktaḥ |
BRP222.056.3 anindhanaṃ jyotir iva praśāntaṃ |
BRP222.056.4 sa brahmalokaṃ vrajati dvijātiḥ || 56 ||