Pramāṇāntarbhāvaprakaraṇam
iha khalu pramāṇamātre na kecid vipratipadyante | antataś cārvākasyāpi saṃpratipatteḥ | pramāṇamātrocchedavādī ca tattadāṅśakya pratividhānād asmadgurubhir avajñātaḥ
grahaḥ ||
ācāryo 'py āha—
iti |
tad evaṃ pramāṇamātrāpratikṣepe pratyakṣaṃ tāvad ādau gaṇanīyam, tanmūlatvād aparapramāṇopapatteḥ | na ca cārvāko 'py anumānam anavasthāpya sthātuṃ prabhavati, vyāpāratrayakaraṇāt |
tac chāstre hi pratyakṣetarasāmānyayoḥ pramāṇetaravidhānaṃ lakṣaṇapraṇayanato vidhātavyam | tac ca lakṣaṇaṃ pratyakṣe dharmiṇi lakṣye prāmāṇye pratyetavye svabhāvo hetuḥ | parabuddhipratipattau ca kāryādivyāpāraḥ kāryahetuḥ | paralokapratiṣedhe ca dṛśyānupalambho 'ṅgīkartavya iti katham anumānāpalāpaḥ | yad ācāryaḥ
api ca
ity anumānam api pramāṇam | prāmāṇyaṃ ca pramāṇāntarāgṛhītaniścitapravṛttiviṣayārthatayā tatprāpaṇe śaktiḥ ||
nanv astu prāpaṇe śaktiḥ prāmāṇyam, paramasaunārthād utpatteḥ, api tv arthadarśanād iti cet | kim idam arthadarśanam | arthasya dharmo dṛśyatvam | jñānasya dharmo draṣṭṛtvam | prathamapakṣe nīlatvavad dṛśyatvasyāpi sādhāraṇatvād ekagocaro 'rthaḥ sarvagocaraḥ syāt | na hi pratipuruṣam arthānāṃ bhedo nairātmyaprasaṅgāt | dvitīyapakṣe tu katham anyasmin jñānasvabhāve draṣṭṛtve saty anyasyāsambaddhasyārthasya pratyāśā syāt | draṣṭṛatvaṃ dṛśyatvam antareṇānupapadyamānaṃ tadākṣipatīti cet | nanu jñānārthayor utpattisārūpyabalato draṣṭḥdṛśyatvavyavasthāpanam etat | anabhyupagame draṣṭṛtvaṃ dṛśyatvaṃ ca na sambhavatīti kiṃ kenākṣipyatām | bhavatu vā prakārāntareṇāpi draṣṭṛdṛśyabhāvas tathāpi bhede saty avyabhicāra dutpattir eva prāptinimittam | sā ca prāpaṇaśaktiḥ pratyakṣānumānayor aviśiṣṭeti pramāṇe eva | nanv anyad api śābdopamānādikaṃ pramāṇam asti | tathā hi śabdāc codanārūpād asannikṛṣṭe 'rthe svargādau yaj jñānam utpadyate tad api śābdaṃ jñānaṃ pramāṇam eva | pratyayitoditavākyaprasūtaṃ ca jñānaṃ pramāṇam | yad āha Kumārilaḥ
iti |
tatra yadā śabdasamutthaṃ jñānaṃ pramāṇaṃ tadopādānādibuddhiḥ phalam | yadā tu śabdas tadā tadālambanaṃ jñānaṃ phalam iti Naiyāyikasya punaḥ: āptopadeśaḥ śabdaḥ 67, iti śabdapramāṇalakṣaṇasūtram | tatra śabda iti lakṣyapadam | āptopadeśa iti lakṣaṇapadam | asyāyaṃ saṃkṣepārthaḥ | āptopadiṣṭaḥ śabdaḥ pramāṇam iti | āptaś ca sākṣātkṛtaheyopādeyatattvo yathādṛṣṭasya cārthasyācikhyāsayā prayukta upadeṣṭā abhidhīyate | pramāṇaphalavyavasthā ca pūrvavad draṣṭavyeti |
tathā Mīmāṃsakānām upamānaṃ pramāṇam | yad uktaṃ Śabarasvāminā upamānam api sādṛśyam asannikṛṣṭe 'rthe 'rthe buddhim utpādayati | yathā gavayadarśanaṃ goḥ smaraṇasyeti |68
asyāyam arthaḥ | ekatra dṛśyamānaṃ sādṛśyaṃ kartṛ | pratiyogyantare dṛśyamānapratiyogisādṛśyaviśiṣṭatayaitatsādṛśyaviśiṣṭo 'sau ity asannikṛṣṭe 'rthe yāṃ buddhim utpādayati tadupamānaṃ pramāṇam iti yat tadoradhyāhāra iti | tasmāt samaratīti smaraṇaṃ puruṣaḥ | tenāyam arthaḥ - yathā gavaye dṛśyamānaṃ sādṛśyaṃ gāṃ smarato manuṣyasya etatsādṛśyaviśiṣṭo 'sau gaur iti buddhim utpādayatīti |
na cedam upamānaṃ smaraṇaṃ kartavyam, gavayasādṛśyaviśiṣṭasya gor goviśiṣṭasya ca sādṛśyasya prameyatvāt | gosādṛśyayor viśeṣaṇaviśeṣyabhāvasyopamānapramāṇaviṣayasya gogrāhiṇā gavayagrāhiṇā vā pratyakṣeṇa kenacid agrahaṇāt | yad āha Bhaṭṭaḥ
na ca grahaṇam antareṇa smaraṇam asti | tasmān nopamānaṃ smaraṇam ataḥ pramaṇam iti | Naiyāyikādīnāṃ tūpamānasūtram,
asyāyam arthaḥ | prasiddhaṃ sādharmyaṃ yasya tasmād gavayādeḥ sādhyasya saṃjñāsaṃjñisambandhasya sādhanaṃ siddhis tadupamānaphalam | samākhyāsambandhapratipattihetur upamānam ity arthaḥ | ayam asya prapañcaḥ | yaḥ pratipattā gāṃ jānāti na gavayam, ādiṣṭaś ca svāminā gacchāraṇyaṃ gavayamānayāsmād iti, gavayaśabdavācyam artham ajānāno vanecaram anyaṃ vā tajjñaṃ pṛṣṭavān, bhrātaḥ kīdṛśo gavaya iti | tena cādiṣṭaṃ yathā gaus tathā gavaya iti | tasya śrutātideśavākyasya kasyāñcid araṇyānyām upagatasyātideśavākyārthsmaraṇasahakāri yad gavayasārūpyajñānaṃ tatprathamata evāsau gavayaśabdavācyo 'rtha iti pratipattiṃ prastuvānam upamānaṃ pramāṇam iti |
tathārthāpattisaṃjñaṃ pramāṇaṃ mīmāṃsakasya | arthāpattir api dṛṣṭaḥ śruto vārtho 'nyathā nopadyamāno yad arthāntaraṃ parikalpayati sārthāpattiḥ | yathā jīvati devadatte gṛhābhāvadarśanena bahirbhāvasyārthasya parikalpanā | asyāyam arthaḥ | pratyakṣādibhiḥ ṣaḍbhiḥ pramāṇaiḥ prasiddho yo 'rthaḥ sa yena vinā na yujyate tasyārthasya kalpanam arthāpattir iti | sā ca ṣaṭpramāṇapūrvikā ṣaṭprakāraiveti ||
pratyakṣānumānādipramāṇapañcakābhāvasvabhāvam abhāvākhyaṃ pramāṇam | prameyaṃ ghaṭādyabhāvaḥ | nāstīha ghaṭādīti jñānaṃ ghaṭādyabhāvālambanaṃ phalam | yadāha Kumārilaḥ
iti |
etāni ṣaṭ pramāṇāni pratyakṣādīny asaṃkīrṇasvasvalakṣaṇayogitvād anyāpraviṣṭasvabhāvāni pratyetavyānīti ||
atrocyate | codanāyās tāvad bāhye 'rthe pratibandhābhāvān na prāmāṇyam | prayogaḥ - yasya yatra pratibandho nāsti na tasya tatra prāmāṇyam | yathā dahane 'pratibaddhasya rāsabhasya | apratibaddhāś ca bahirarthe vaidikāḥ śabdāḥ iti vyāpakānupalabdhiḥ | na tāvad ayam asiddho hetuḥ | śabdānāṃ vastutaḥ pratibandhābhāvāt | pratibaddhasvabhāvatā hi pratibandhaḥ | na ca sā nirnibandhanā, sarveṣāṃ sarvatra pratibaddhasvabhāvatāprasaṅgāt | nibandhanaṃ cāsyās tādātmyatadutpattibhyām anyan nopalabhyate, atatsvabhāvasyātadutpatteś ca tatrāpratibaddhasvabhāvatvāt | na hi śabdānāṃ bahirarthasvabhāvatāsti bhinnapratibhāsāvabodhaviṣayatvāt | nāpi śabdā bahirarthād upajāyante, artham antareṇāpi puruṣasyecchāpratibaddhavṛtteḥ śabdasyotpādadarśanāt |
nanu yogyatayaiva kiñcit pratibaddhasvabhāvam upalabhyate | yathā cakṣur indriyaṃ rūpe | cakṣuḥ khalu vyāpāryamāṇaṃ rūpam evopalabhyati | tathaivaite vaidikāḥ śabdās tādātmyatadutpattiviyuktā api yogyatāmātreṇātīndriyam arthaṃ bodhayiṣyanti tat kathaṃ tādātmyatadutpattivirahamātreṇāpratibandho yenaivaṃ vyāpakānupalabdhiḥ sidhyatīti | naiṣa doṣaḥ | yataś cakṣur indriyam api rasādiparihāreṇa rūpa eva prakāśakatvena pratiniyataṃ tatkāryatvāt | rūpaṃ hi cakṣur upakaroti | na sattāmātreṇa cakṣū rūpaṃ prakāśayati, vyavahitasyāpi rūpopalabdhiprasaṅgāt | tasmād rūpād yogyadeśasannihitāt tajjñānajananayogyatām āsādya cakṣū rūpajñānam utpādayattatkāryam iti vyaktam avasīyate | anyathā tadupakārānapekṣasya tasyāpi tatprakāśananiyamo nopapadyate | na hy anupakāryatvāviśeṣe cakṣū rūpasyaiva prakāśakam, na rasāder iti ghaṭām upaiti niyamaḥ | ayam eva tarhi niyamaḥ kuto yad rūpeṇaiva cakṣur upakartavyam, na rasādineti | yadi vastuvaśād eva rūpam upakaroti na rasādikam, hanta tarhi yathopakāryatvaṃ prati niyamaś cakṣuṣo rūpeṇa, tathā śabdānām api svābhāvika evāstu bahirarthapratyāyananiyama iti |
atrocyate | na cakṣuṣaḥ svābhāviko rūpopakāryatāniyamaḥ, kasyacid vastunaḥ svābhāvikatvānupapatteḥ | tathā hi svābhāvikatvaṃ vastudharmasyānujānānaḥ praṣṭavyaḥ - kiṃ svābhāvika iti svato bhavati, āhosvit parataḥ, athāhetutaḥ | yadi svato bhavati, tad asaṅgatam, svātmani kriyāvirodhāt | athāhetutaḥ, tad ayuktam, ahetor deśādiniyamāyogāt | tasmān na svābhāviko rūpopakāryatāpratiniyamaś cakṣuṣaḥ | kiṃnibandhanas tarhi svahetupratibaddha iti, brūmaḥ - cakṣuḥ khalu svahetunā janyamānaṃ tādṛśam eva janitam yadrūpopakartavyam eva bhavati | rūpam api tādṛśam eva svahetunā janitaṃ yat tad upakārakasvabhāvam |
śabdānām api sa svabhāvaḥ svahetupratibaddho yenaite bāhyārthāvyabhicāriṇa iti cet | na śakyam evam abhidhātum, nityatvābhyupagamād vedavākyānām | athānityatvam abhyupagamyāyam ākṣepaḥ parihartum iṣyate, tad api duṣkaram, doṣāntaraprasaṅgāt | yadi svahetunaiva te niyamārthopadarśanaśaktimanto janitāḥ, tadāvyutpannasamayasyāpi svārtham avabodhayeyuḥ | yathā cakṣuḥ svaheto rūpaprakāśakam utpannaṃ sat prakāśayaty eva rūpam asaṅketavido 'pi, na ca śabdād uccaritāt prāgapratītasamayasyāpi viśeṣāvagamaḥ samasti | tasmān na svahetupratibaddhaś cakṣurāder iva śabdānām arthapratipādananiyama iti niścayaḥ ||
atha svahetubhir evāyam īdṛśas teṣāṃ svabhāvo datto yena te saṃketaviśeṣasahāyā eva kam apy artham avabodhayanti | na tarhi saṅketaparāvṛttau padārthāntaravṛttayo bhaveyuḥ | yadi hy ayam agnihotraśabdaḥ saṃketāpekṣo yāgaviśeṣapratipādakaḥ, kathaṃ saṅketānyatvenārthāntaraṃ pratipādayati | na hi kṣityādyapekṣeṇa bījena svahetor aṅkurajananasvabhāvenotpannena rāsabhaḥ śakyo janayitum, tathā śabdo 'pi yad arthapratipādananiyatas tam eva prakāśayet ||
atha tattatsaṅketāpekṣas tattadarthapratyāyanayogya evāyaṃ jāta ity ucyate | tad api na prasutopayogi | na hy evam asya prāmāṇyam avatiṣṭhate | yadā hi saṅketenāpuruṣārthapratipādanam api sambhāvyata eva, tadā na śakyam upakalpayituṃ kim ayam abhimatasyaivārthasya dyotako na veti | tarhi vācyavācakalakṣaṇaḥ śabdārthayoḥ sambandho bhaviṣyati | tathā cāha
iti cet | nanu tasya vāstavatve 'saṅketavido 'py arthapratipattir bhaved ity uktam, saṅketāpekṣāyāṃ cārthāntare na pravartetetyādyabhihitam | ataḥ pūrvam evāyaṃ pratyākhyāto vācyavācakalakṣaṇaḥ sambandhaḥ | tasmān na bahirarthe pratibandhaḥ śabdānām iti nirṇayaḥ ||
tataś ca nāsiddho hetuḥ ||
nāpy viruddhaḥ, viparyayavyāptyabhāvāt | tadabhāvaś ca sapakṣe vṛttyupadarśanāt | na hi viruddhasya sādharmyavati dharmiṇi sadbhāvo yuktaḥ, sādhyaviparyayasya tatrābhāvāt | na ca vyāpakam antareṇa vyāpyasya sambhavaḥ, tatpracyutiprasaṅgāt ||
nāpy anaikāntiko hetuh, viparyaye bādhakapramāṇasambhavāt | prāmāṇyapratiṣedhe hi sādhye prāmāṇyam eva vipakṣaḥ | na ca tasmin pratibandhābhāvalakṣaṇo hetur asti, svaviruddhena pratibandhena vyāptatvāt | na khalv ayaṃ prādeśikaḥ pramāṇaśabdo jñāneṣu nirnibandhana eva, sarvajñāneṣu prāmāṇyavyapadeśaprasaṅgāt | nibandhanaṃ ca svaviṣayapratibandhād anyan nopapadyate | tasmāt pramāṇasya pramāṇavyapadeśaviṣayatvaṃ svaviṣayapratibandhena vyāptam | ataḥ pramāṇe dharmiṇi vipakṣe prāmāṇyasya viruddhavyāptasyopalambhena vipakṣe vyavacchedasiddher nānaikāntiko hetuḥ |
na cānyo doṣaḥ sambhavī | tasmān nirastāśeṣadoṣeṇa hetunā yat prasiddhaṃ tad upādeyam eva satām iti paṇḍitaśrījitāripādair eva vedāprāmāṇye darśitam |
evaṃ ca vaidikaśabdānāṃ prāmāṇye niraste tadutthaṃ jñānam apy apramāṇam eva | āptapraṇītasya punar vacanasyārthāvyabhicāre tajjanmano jñānasyāvyabhicārasambhave 'pi na prāmāṇyam upagantuṃ śakyate, paracittavṛttīnām aśakyaniścayatvenāptatvāparijñānāt vacanasyāpi tatpraṇītatvāpratipatteḥ | prayogaś cātra -
yad yena rūpeṇa na niścitaṃ na tat tena rūpeṇa vyavahriyate | yathā rathyāpuruṣaḥ sarvajñatvena | na pratīyate cābhimatapuruṣa āptatveneti vyāpakānupalabdhiḥ ||
nāyam asiddhiḥ, āptābhimatasya tathātvāniścayāt | tathā hi paracittavṛttayo 'tīndriyatvān na pratyakṣasamadhigamyā iti kāyavāgvyavahārato 'numātavyāḥ | tau ca kāyavāgvyavahārau buddhir pūrvam anyathāpi kartuṃ śakyate | tatas tatpratibaddhatvenāniścayāt kathaṃ kāyavāgvyavahārato viśiṣṭaparacittavṛttyanumānam ||
nāpi viruddhaḥ, sapakṣe sadbhāvasambhavāt ||
nāpy anaikāntikaḥ, prāmāṇikatadrūpavyavahartavyatvaniścitatvayor vyāpyavyāpakabhūtayor vidhibhūtayor vṛkṣatvaśiṃśapātvayor iva pratyakṣānupalambhābhyāṃ sarvopasaṃhāreṇa vyāpteḥ siddhatvāt | tad ataḥ sādhanād doṣatrayarahitāt sādhyaṃ siddhyad avācyam eva | tad evam āptatvasya durbodhatvena tatpraṇītatvāniścayād ekaprahāranihatam āptavacasaḥ prāmāṇyam |
ato yad etasya prāmāṇyaprasiddhyarthaṃ vācaspatiprabhṛtīnāṃ valgitaṃ tadaprāptāvasaram eva | evaṃ pratyayoditam api bhaṭṭābhimataṃ śābdaṃ prāmāṇyaṃ vyastam iti boddhavyam | tasmāt sthitam etat na śābdaṃ bahirarthe pramāṇam astīti | buddhyākāre tu tatkāryaprasūtatvāt tadanumānam eveti |
mīmāṃsakoktaṃ tāvad upamānaṃ mānam eva na bhavati, nirviṣayatvād asya | ihāpi prayogaḥ - yasya na viṣayavattvaṃ na tasya prāmāṇyam | yathā keśoṇḍukajñānasya | na siddhaṃ ca viṣayavattvam upamānajñānasyeti vyāpakānupalambhaḥ |
nāyam asiddho hetuḥ, nirviṣayatvād upamānasya | tathā hi sādṛśyaviśiṣṭaḥ piṇḍaḥ piṇḍaviśiṣṭaṃ vā sādṛśyam upamānasya viṣayo varṇyate | na sadṛśavastuvyatiriktaṃ sādṛśyaṃ vyavasthāpayituṃ śakyate, pramāṇenāpratītatvāt | nanu sādṛśyaṃ vastu durvāram eva | yadāha
iti |
atrocyate | yadi sadṛśātiriktaṃ sādṛśyaṃ vastu dṛśyaṃ syāt, tadā dṛśyānupalambhagrastam eva, śāstrānāhitasaṃskāreṇāpi kenacit tasyādarśanāt | tasya cāstitve sarvaṃ sarvatrāstīty apravṛttinivṛttikaṃ jagadāpadyeta | athādṛśyaṃ tatsādṛśyam upeyate, tathāpi tatra prasiddhaliṅgābhāvād asiddham eva | siddhena ca tena viṣayavattopamānasya sidhyeta | sādṛśyapratyayas tu svahetos tathotpannena sadṛśavastunāpi kriyamāṇo ghaṭata eva iti na sādṛśyam upsthāpayituṃ prabhavati | upamānapramāṇabalād eva sādṛśyasiddhir iti cet | na | pramāṇāntarasiddhayor eva sādṛśyapiṇḍayor viśeṣaṇaviśeṣyabhāvasyopamānaviṣayatvāt kathaṃ sādṛśyamātrasyopamānāt siddhiḥ | tataś ca sādṛśyasyāsiddher na tadviśiṣṭaḥ piṇḍaḥ piṇḍaviśiṣṭaṃ vā sādṛśyam upamānasya viṣayaḥ | tad evam upamānasya nirviṣayatvaṃ siddham iti nāsiddho hetuḥ | nāpi viruddhaḥ, sapakṣe bhāvāt |
na cānaikāntikaḥ | tathā hi prāmāṇyānbhāve sādhye prāmāṇyam eva vipakṣaḥ | tac ca viṣayavattayā vyāptam, nirnimittatve sarvajñānaprāmāṇyaprasaṅgāt | tad yaṃ viruddhavyāptopalabdhyā vipakṣān nivartamāno viṣayavattvābhāvalakṣaṇo hetuḥ prāmāṇyābhāvalakṣaṇa eva viśrāmyatīti vyāptisiddhiḥ | ato nopamānaṃ pramāṇam iti |
naiyāyikaparikalpitopamānanirākaraṇārtham apy ayam eva prayogo draṣṭavyaḥ, tasyāpi nirviṣayatvāt | tathā hi samākhyāsambandhas tasya viṣayo varṇyate | sa ca paramārthato nāsti | sa hi sambandhaḥ sambandhibhyāṃ bhinno 'bhinno vā | yadi bhinnas tadā tayor iti kutaḥ | na ca sambandhāntarād iti vaktavyam, tad api kathaṃ teṣām iti cintāyām anavasthāprasaṅgaḥ | na ca yathā pradīpaḥ prakāśāntaram antareṇa prakāśate tathā sambandho 'pi sambandhāntareṇa sambaddho bhaviṣyatīti vaktum ucitam | pramāṇasiddhe hi vasturūpe 'yam asya svabhāva iti varṇyate | yathā pradīpasyaiva | sambandhas tu na pramāṇapratītaḥ | tat ka evaṃ jānātv ayam asya svabhāva iti, yad vā nāsty evāyam iti | ayam anayoḥ sambandhaḥ sambaddhāv etāv iti tu buddhiḥ svahetubalāt sambaddhavastudvayād api sambhāvyamānā na sambandham ākṣeptuṃ prabhavati | tasmān na bhinnasambandhasiddhiḥ | athābhinnaḥ tadā sambandhināv eva kevalāv iti na samākhyāsambandho nāma, yaḥ kaścid upamānasya viṣayaḥ syāt | nanu sambandhabuddhijanakatvaṃ sambaddhapadārthād bhinnam abhinnaṃ vā | bhede ca sa eva sambandhaḥ nāmni paraṃ vivādaḥ | athābhinnam, tadā yathā sambaddhapadārthasya svabhāvaḥ sarvapadārthasādhāraṇas tathā tad api rūpaṃ tadavyatibhinnaṃ sarvapadārthasādhāraṇam iti sa padārtho 'bhimatapadārtheneva parair api padārthaiḥ saha sambaddhaḥ syāt |
na caivam, tasmād bhinnaṃ tatsambandhabuddhijanakatvaṃ sambaddhapadārthād eṣṭavyam iti cet | nanv etad āśaṅkya Rājakulapādaiḥ parihṛtam eva | tathā hi
iti | tasmāt sambandhābhāvāt pūrvoktena nyāyena sārūpyābhāvāc cāsiddhaṃ naiyāyikasyāpi nirviṣayam upamānaṃ pramāṇam ato 'nantareṇaiva vyāpakānupalambhena nirākṛtam |
arthāpattir api | yad etat sāmānyalakṣaṇaṃ pratyakṣādipratīto yo 'rthaḥ sa yena vinā nopapadyate tasyārthasya parikalpanam athāpattir ity atra vicāryate | yasyārthasya darśanād yo 'rthaḥ parikalpyate tayor yadi pratibandho 'sti tadārthāpattir anumānam eva | athāpattir iti nāmāntarakaraṇe nāsmākaṃ kācid vipratipattiḥ | tathā hi pramāṇaparidṛṣṭo 'rthaḥ kenacid vinā nopapadyata iti kuto labhyate, yadi paridṛśyamānaparikalpyamānayoḥ kaścit sambandhaḥ syāt | anyathā tena vinā nopapadyata ity ahrīkād anyo na brūyāt, ghaṭapaṭavat | sa ca sambandhaḥ kvacit pūrvam avaśyaṃ pratyakṣānupalambhataḥ, kvacid adṛśyatve 'pi viparyayabādhakapramāṇabalād vā niścetavyaḥ | anyathā tena vinānupapattijñānasyaivānupapatteḥ | sati caivam, ekaṃ sambadhinaṃ dṛṣṭvā yatrasthena vinā tatrasthaṃ nopapadyate, tasya dvitīyasya sambandhinaḥ kalpanam anumānam eva | tatra svabhāvapratibandhe svabhāvahetujaiva sārthāpattiḥ | tadutpattipratibandhe kāryaliṅgajaiva | tad uktam: anyathānupapannatvam anvayavyatirekiṇy arthe bhavati yat, tasmān nārthāpattiḥ, pramāṇāntaram iti | tasmāt paridṛśyamānaparikalpyamānayoḥ sati pratibandhe nārthāpattiḥ pramāṇāntaram iti | atha tayor na pratibandhaḥ, tadārthāpattiḥ pramāṇam eva na bhavatīti mantavyam, sākṣāt pāramparyeṇa ca sambandhābhāvāt | yasya yatra pratibandho nāsti na tasya tatra prāmāṇyam ityādir vedanirākaraṇārthaṃ yaḥ pūrvam upanyastaḥ sa evāsyā api prāmāṇyanirākaraṇāya draṣṭavyaḥ | sāmānyenaivārthāpattau nirākṛtāyāṃ pratyakṣādir pūrvakatvalakṣaṇas tatprapañco nirasto bhavaty eveti tadarthaṃ na prabandho 'bhidhīyate, gavi nirākṛte śāvaleyanirākṛtivat | tasmān nārthāpattiḥ pramāṇāntaram iti |
tathā abhāvapramāṇasyāpi prāmāṇyaṃ nopapadyate, tasyāpi nirviṣayatvāt | tataś ca Mīmāṃsakopavalgitopamānanirākaraṇārtham upanyasto yo viṣayavattvābhāvalakṣaṇo 'nupalambhaḥ sa evāsyāpi nirāsārtham upanyasitavyaḥ | nanu cātrāsiddho hetuḥ |
tathā hi yadi ghaṭābhāvo vāstavaḥ prameyabhūto na syāt, tadā nāstīha ghaṭa iti pratyayaḥ katham utpadyata iti cet | kevalapradeśagrāhipratyakṣād iti brūmaḥ | nanu yadi kaivalyaṃ pradeśasvarūpaṃ tat tarhi saghaṭe 'pi pradeśe vidyata iti tatrāpi tasya pratyayasya sadbhāvaprasaṅgaḥ | athātiriktaḥ, mukhāntareṇābhāva evābhyupagato bhavatīti cet, na |
kaivalyaṃ tadviviktatvam asaṅkīrṇatvam ityādibhiḥ padaiḥ pradeśasya ghaṭaṃ pratyanāpannādhārabhāvasya svahetuta utpannasya ghaṭapradeśād anya evātmābhidhīyate | sa eva cābhāvapratyayaṃ janayatīti kim apareṇābhāvena kartavyam |
nanu ghaṭaṃ pratyanāpannādhārabhāvasya pradeśasyeti ghaṭābhāvayuktasya pradeśasyety uktaṃ bhavatīti cet | tarhi ghaṭābhāvo 'pi ghaṭaṃ pratyanāpannādhārabhāvaḥ kim abhāvāntareṇa svarūpeṇaiva vā | prathamapakṣe 'navasthā | atha tadabhāvarūpatvād abhāvāntaram antareṇaiva ghaṭābhāvo ghaṭaṃ pratyanāpannādhārabhāvaḥ | yady evam asahāyaḥ pradeśaviśeṣo 'pi paryudāsavṛttyā ghaṭābhāvarūpatvād abhāvaṃ vinaiva ghaṭaṃ pratyanāpannādhārabhāvo yukta iti kim akāṇḍam āhopuruṣikayā mithyāpralāpenābodhaviklavaṃ śiṣyapudgalam ākulayasi | tasmād bhūtalātiriktasyābhāvasyāsiddhatvān nāyaṃ viṣayavattābhāvalakṣaṇo hetur asiddhaḥ | pramāṇapañcakābhāvād eva tu prameyābhāvasiddhipratyāśāpi na yujyate, vipratipattiviṣayatvād asyānenaiva prameyābhāvasiddher ayogāt |
viruddhānaikāntikatve ca pūrvam eva hetoḥ parihṛte | tad ataḥ siddham abhāvapramāṇābhimatasyāprāmāṇyam iti |
atha vābhāvapramāṇasvarūpam eva nirūpyatām | kaḥ punaḥ pramāṇābhāvātmābhimato bhavatām, kiṃ prasajyavṛttyā pramāṇānutpattimātram, atha vā paryudāsavṛttyā bhāvāntaram | vastvantaram api jaḍarūpaṃ jñānarūpaṃ vā | jñānarūpam api jñānamātrakam ekajñānasaṃsargivastujñānaṃ veti ṣaḍ vikalpāḥ |
tatra na tāvan nivṛttirūpo 'bhāvo yujyate | sa khalu nikhilaśaktivikalatayā na kiñcit | yac ca na kiñcit tat katham abhāvaṃ paricchindyāt, tadviṣayaṃ vā jñānaṃ janayet, pratītaṃ vā tat katham iti sarvam andhakāranartanam | yad āhuḥ: na hy abhāvaḥ kasyacit pratipattiḥ pratipattihetur vā tasyāpi kathaṃ pratipattir iti 73 | nāpi vastvantaratāpakṣe jaḍarūpo 'bhāvaḥ saṅgacchate, tasyābhāvalakṣaṇaprameyaparicchedābhāvāt, paricchedasya jñānadharmatvāt | nāpi jñānamātrasvabhāvo 'bhāvo vaktavyaḥ, deśakālasvabhāvaviprakṛṣṭasyāpi tato 'bhāvaprasaṅgāt, tadapekṣayāpi jñānamātratvāt tasya | athaikajñānasaṃsargivastujñānasvabhāvo 'numanyate tadāstam abhāvapramāṇapratyāśayā, pratyakṣaviśeṣasyaivābhāvanāmakaraṇāt | tasya cāsmābhir dṛśyānupalambhākhyasādhanatvena svīkṛtatvāt | ato na kācid vipratipattir nāma | tasmād abhāvapramāṇasvarūpam api nirūpyamāṇaṃ viśīryata eva | yad apy asya lakṣaṇam uktam
ityādi, tad api yācitakam aṇḍanam | tasmāt sthitam etat, pramāṇasya sato 'traivāntarbhāvāt pramāṇa eva |
|| pramāṇāntararbhāvaprakaraṇaṃ samāptam ||
- Chapter starts on 51a5.↩
- (JNA 363f.)↩
- (PV IV 215)↩
-
pramāṇetarasāmānyasthiter anyadhiyo gateḥ /pramāṇāntarasadbhāvaḥ pratiṣedhāc ca kasyacit //
- (PVin I 2)↩
↩ - (PVin I 2)↩
-
arthasyāsambhave 'bhāvāt pratyakṣe 'pi pramāṇatā /pratibaddhasvabhāvasya taddhetutve samaṃ dvayam //
- Find this! (Not in e-text of śv.)↩
- (NSū 1.1.7)↩
- Cf. : upamānam api sādṛśyam asaṃnikṛṣṭe 'rthe buddhim utpādayati, yathā gavayadarśanaṃ gosmaraṇasya.↩
- (ŚV XI 39; 38)↩
- (NSū 1.1.6)↩
- (ŚV XIII 11; 1)↩
- (ŚV XIII 18)↩
- (HB 25,12-14)↩
- (ŚV, abhāva, 11ab)↩