42

tarkarahasye viṣayādinyāyanirṇayaś caturthaḥ


Sh64 akṣād arthāc ca833
kṣād utpadyate jñānam, atha ca pratyakṣam
ity ākhyāyate na prativiṣayaṃ kena hetunā.834 nirvikalpakatvaṃ835 prati
gamakatvāgamakatvābhyām836, puruṣāntarasādhāraṇatvād viṣa
yasya.
vaibhāṣikāpekṣayā ca manoviṣayatvena vyabhicārāt. asādhāraṇena ca
vyapadeśo dṛṣṭaḥ, yathā bherīśabdo yathā vā yavāṅkuraḥ.837 viṣayo hi838
manovijñānā…839
Sh66,7 33a …smin dravye samavāyābhāvāt, vijātīyānām anārambhād
ālekhyādāv ekasya dravyasyābhāve samavāyābhāvād ity arthaḥ.


vanaṃ kusumitaṃ yathā. tatra hi vanaṃ bahutvasaṅkhyālakṣaṇam840,
kusumaṃ cā
rabhyadravyam841. ekatra vṛkṣadravye tayoḥ samavetatvād
vanaṃ kusumitam ity upacāraḥ. ekayā buddhyā anekasya grahaṇe
citravyavahāraḥ. tasmād yathānekātmakam ālekhyaṃ citram842 e
kayā
manīṣayā gṛhyate tathā sañcito 'pi. tat kim ucyate:

athaikāyatanatve 'pi nānekaṃ dṛśyate sakṛt|843

iti.
ko vā virodho bahavaḥ sañjātātiśayāḥ sa
kṛt|

bhaveyuḥ kāraṇaṃ buddher yadi nāmendriyādivat|844

pūrvam ekāyatanatvena buddhir ekety uktam. adhunā punar Sh67
anekākārā buddhir ekā. ekaprakaṭatāntargatatayā para
sparapratyakṣa
tvāt. anyathā santamasanimagnānekapuruṣasaṃvedanavad vyativedanā
bhāvaḥ syāt. ekopādānatvād bhede 'pi na tatheti cet, atītādi
vat
smaraṇam eva syāt, na sphuṭasphuraṇam. tathā citravijñāne jñānād
anekākāram, ekākāravad anekākāram ity api bodhyam. sā yady anekākārā
buddhir ekā sañ
jātaśaktibhiḥ paramāṇubhiś cakṣurādibhir eva bahubhiḥ
kriyeta, tathā na kaścid virodhaḥ. tasmād ubhayathāpi sañcitālambanatve
'py avikalpatvam iti sthitam. tathā
sva33b saṃvedyam anirdeśyaṃ rūpam indriyagocaraḥ|845

svenāsādhāraṇena rūpeṇa vedyaḥ svabhāvo na dharmitvādinā. ata eva
na nirdeśya upādhinibandhanena846 śabdena na vyapadeśyaḥ pratyakṣasya847

gocaro grāhyaḥ. tato nirvikalpakam adhyakṣam.


43

tad eva pratyakṣaṃ jñānaṃ pramāṇaphalam.848 evam anumānam iti.
tad ity anantaranirdiṣṭaprabhedam. nipātena pravartakaprāpakayoḥ
phala
tvena pratikṣepaḥ. Sh68 pratyakṣam ity anena ādyam
asādhāraṇaviṣayaṃ kalpanāpoḍhābhrāntam849 uktam. jñānam ity anena
cakṣurādijaḍapramāṇānādaraḥ phalaprastāve 'pi da
rśitaḥ.


arthapratītirūpatvāt850. artho heyopādeyau, tayoḥ pratītiḥ prāpty
aṅgapravṛttiviṣayopadarśanāparokṣatākhyā.851 rūpaṃ svabhāvo yasya
grāhyākā
ragrāhakākārātmakasya, tadbhāvas tattvam, tasmāt.
Sh68,7 svasaṃvedanaṃ cākārayoḥ sādhitam eva. svasaṃvedane tarhi
katham arthapratītirūpatvam. trayāṇāṃ tādātmye
sutarām eva, aparam
api tādātmyam iti cet, na, ekenaiva gatatvāt. vyapadeśā ete yathā
kathañcit prayoktrabhiprāyānucarāś852 carācaraṃ cañcūryante, naitebhyo
'rthānta
raparigrahaḥ, karotyarthādivat. yathā pacati pākaṃ karoti,
tathā karoti karaṇam abhinirvartayati. sarvo hi dhātvarthaḥ karoty
arthena vyāptaḥ. karotyarthaḥ kena vyā34a pyatām. tatraiva
sāmānyaviśeṣakalpanā cet, ihāpi samānam. evam anumāne 'pi vācyam.


yady arthapratītirūpatvāt tad eva pratyakṣaṃ jñānaṃ pramāṇaphalam,
kim idānīṃ pramāṇam.
ucyate:853 pramīyate yena tat pramāṇam iti.854
sāmānyena vyutpāditam api pramāṇapadaṃ kartṛkarmakriyāḥ samākṣipya
svasāmānyaviśeṣalakṣaṇam ākṣipati. tatra kartrā
dikaṃ leśataḥ prāg
uktam.855


karaṇaṃ sāmānyalakṣaṇam ucyate

kriyāyāḥ pariniṣpattir yadvyāpārād anantaram|

vivakṣyate yadā tatra karaṇatvaṃ tadā smṛtam||

Sh69 karaṇaṃ
hi kartṛparatantraṃ svavyāpārāviṣṭaṃ pradhānakriyāyām
upayogavat sādhakatamam. yathā puruṣādhiṣṭhitaḥ paraśvadhaḥ856 sva
vyāpāreṇotpatananipatanā
nvitaḥ pāṭanakriyāyām upayogavān sādhaka857
tamaś ca.


viśeṣalakṣaṇaṃ tu


kriyāsādhanam ity eva sarvaṃ sarvasya karmaṇaḥ|

44
sādhanaṃ na hi tat tasyāḥ858 sādha
naṃ yā859 kriyā yataḥ||860

arthena ghaṭayaty enāṃ na hi muktvārtharūpatām|

tasmāt prameyādhigateḥ sādhanaṃ861 meyarūpatā||862

sārūpyam asya pramāṇam,863 tadvaśād arthapratītisiddheḥ.
grāhakā
kārasya sārūpyam iti kartṛpāratantryam uktam. tadvaśād iti sva
vyāpārāveśaḥ prakāśitaḥ, prakaṭatāntargatatālakṣaṇo grāhyākārasya.
arthapratītiSh71,13 34b siddher864 iti ca pradhānārthapratītikriyāyām865 upayo
gaḥ kathitaḥ.866
Sh71,14 anumānasiddhatvam asya veditavyam, tac cānumānaṃ mānase
darśitam. anumānasiddhatvena cedaṃ nirastam.

dṛṣṭayo
r eva sārūpyagraho 'rthaṃ ca867 na dṛṣṭavān|

prāk kathaṃ darśanenāsya sārūpyaṃ so 'dhyavasyati868||869

ityādi.


bhaṭṭasya punaḥ ālocanājñānaṃ pramāṇam, tataḥ paraṃ
jātyādiviśiṣṭavastuni
ścayātmakaṃ phalam, tato 'pi pravartanam, tataḥ
prāptiḥ, tataḥ sukham iti pūrvaṃ pūrvaṃ jñānaṃ pramāṇam. uttaram
uttaraṃ870 phalaṃ bodhapramāṇatāpakṣe.871


Sh72 jaḍapramāṇatāpakṣe
tu

yad vendriyaṃ pramāṇaṃ syāt tasya vārthena saṅgatiḥ|872

indriyair manaso yogaḥ pramāṇaṃ sarvam eva vā||873

naiyāyikādeḥ punaḥ: viśeṣaṇajñānaṃ pramāṇam,
viśeṣyajñānaṃ
phalam, nāgṛhītaviśeṣaṇā viśeṣye buddhir iti vacanāt.


jaḍapramāṇatāyām indriyādi pūrvavat, nirākāratayā jñānam a
labdha
viṣayaviśeṣasambandham.


bhaṭṭādidarśane vastumātragrāhakam ālocanājñānaṃ jātyādiviśiṣṭa
vastugrāhi ca, tataḥ paraṃ jñānaṃ na sidhyati.874 tathā viśeṣaṇa
syedaṃ
jñānam idaṃ viśeṣyasyeti na prāpnoti.875

ekārthatve dvayaṃ vyarthaṃ na cāsti kramabhāvitā|876

cakṣurādi tu sutarām arthapratīter na niyāmakam anākāratayaiva
jñā35a nasya877 sākāratve vā kim anyena. arthasārūpyam eva pramāṇam
astu.
45
yad antyabhedakaṃ878 tasyās tat sādhakatamaṃ matam|879

pramāṇaṃ karaṇam,880 pramāṇaṃ pramitiḥ, karaṇaṃ ca sādhakatamam,

dhakatamaṃ cāntyabhedakam881. samantam882 etat sārūpyasya sambhavati,
na nirākārasy883a jñānasya, nāpīndriyādeḥ. tathā hi nīlākāraṃ yasmād
vedyate jñānaṃ tasmān nīlasya vedanam Sh73 evaṃ pītākā
ratayā
pītasyeti bhedakam sārūpyam, nendriyādi sarvasāmānyahetutvāt.884


kriyākaraṇayor885 aikyavirodha iti ced asat|

dharmabhedābhyupagamād vastv abhinna
m itīṣyate||

evaṃprakārā sarvaiva kriyākārakasaṃsthitiḥ|

bhāveṣu bhinnābhimateṣv apy āropaṇavṛttitaḥ||886
887

tad eva pratyakṣaṃ jñānaṃ pramāṇaphalam iti paramārthā
pekṣayā888
vyapadiṣṭaṃ nāniṣṭam karoti.889 arthapratītivyāpāro hi prakāśamāna eva
nīlādyākāraḥ paramārthataḥ pramitiḥ,890 paraṃ grāhakākārapāratantryeṇa.
Sh73,10 ta
thā paraśor utpatananipatanavyāpārau nāparāparadeśasaṅgi
svarūpotpatter aparau devadattāyattatayā.891 vyāvahārikaḥ punaḥ kriyā
kārakayor bhedo yady a
bhimataḥ, tadā dharmasya vyāvṛttilakṣaṇasya
bhinnasyābhyupagamād asty eva. apāramārthikatvaprasaṅgo 'pi na
saṅgataḥ. evaṃvidhā sarvaiva892 devadattaḥ pacati kāṣṭhair oda35b nam
ityādikāpi kriyākārakavyavahṛtiḥ.


anvayavyatirekābhyām ekatvānaikyakalpane|

kriyākārakabhedena vyavahāro vyavasthitaḥ||893

adevadattaparāvṛttyā devadatta ekapratya
vamarśaviṣayatvenaikas
tāvad vyavasthāpyate, tasya ca tuṣabuṣaprakṣepaprasaṅgapracalatpāṇi
pallavatālakṣaṇā pākakriyā kādācitkī yadi devadattasvabhāvaḥ syān na
yajñādatta
ḥ pācako bhaved ity evānādivāsanāvaśād anvayavyatirekā
bhyāṃ bhede kriyādivyavasthitiḥ syāt. tato yasminn abhinne894 yad
bhidyate tat tato vyatiricyate. Sh74
paramārthatas895 tu devadatta
evāparāparapratyayayogād viśiṣṭasvabhāvo vibhāvyate,896 lokas tv
ekatvādhyāropeṇa vartata iti tadanurodhād eva897 vyavasthā.898 ta
thā na
nīlākāraḥ sakalādhigativyāpakaḥ, adhigatis tu sakalākāravyāpiketi
bhedavyavahāraḥ pramitipramāṇayoḥ.899
46

dadhānaṃ tac ca tām ātmany arthādhiga
manātmanā|

savyāpāram ivābhāti vyāpāreṇa svakarmaṇi|

tadvaśāt tadvyavasthānād akārakam api svayam||900

savyāpārapratītatvāt901 pramāṇaṃ phalam eva sat||902

iti. tad e
vam agrāhakākāraparāvṛttyā903 grāhakākāraḥ pramātā, cittam
ātmā grāhyākāro 'nubhūyamānaḥ sārūpyātmanānumitaḥ karaṇam. yat
svarūpo grāhakākāras tatpratīti36a ḥ phalam iti sthitam.


tarkarahasye viṣayādinyāyanirṇayaś caturthaḥ.904

  1. Sh: akṣād akṣāc ca.

  2. Source: PSV ad I 4ab: ci ste gaṅ gi phyir gñis la brten nas bskyed pa'i rnam par śes pa la bdaṅ po la brten pa źes brjod kyi, yul la rten pa cis na ma yin źe na,… Cf. Hattori 1968 p. 179.

  3. Ms: nirvikalpatvaṃ.

  4. Sh: gamakatvāgamatvābhyām.

  5. Source: PSV ad I 4ab: thun moṅ ma yin pa las tha sñad byed pa yaṅ mthoṅ ste, dper na rṅa'i sgra daṅ nas kyi myu gu źes pa bźin no. Cf. Hattori 1968 p. 179; p.25f.

  6. Source: PSV ad I 4ab: 'di ltar yul ni rgyud gźan gyi yid kyi rnam par śes pa daṅ thun moṅ pa yin no. Cf. Hattori 1968 p. 179; p.25f.

  7. Ms. fols.31-32 are missing.
  8. lakṣaṇam. Missing in Ms| Sh.

  9. Sh: cārambhadravyam.

  10. Sh: ālekhyacitram.

  11. Source: PV III 197ab.

  12. Source: PV III 223.

  13. Source: PS I 5cd.

  14. Sh: na nirdeśyatayādhinibandhanena.

  15. Sh: pratyakṣatya.

  16. Source: NB I s.18 tad…-phalam.

  17. Cf. NB I s.4: pratyakṣaṃ kalpanāpoḍham abhrāntam.

  18. Source: NB I s.19 arthapratītirūpatvāt.

  19. Cf. TR 1*,24-25 above: pravṛttiprāptyaṅgatayaiva.

  20. Sh: -abhiprāyānubhavāś.

  21. Source: NB I s.18-19.

  22. Source: NBT 39,5f.: mīyate 'neneti mānam.

  23. Cf. TR 1*,15-16: karaṇasādhitena pramāṇaśabdena kartṛkarmakriyākṣepapūrvakaṃ sādhakatama-.

  24. Sh: paraścaraḥ.

  25. Cf. TR 44*,5-8 below.

  26. Ms| Sh: tasya.

  27. Sh: for .

  28. Source: PV III 301.

  29. sādhanaṃ. PVin: pramāṇaṃ Tib: tshad ma; PV: sādhanaṃ Tib: sgrub byed.

  30. Source: PV III 305ab|306ab; Source: PVin I v.34.

  31. Source: NB I s.20-21: arthasārūpyam asya…

  32. Ms: arthapratītisiddhir; Sh: arthapratautiḥ|siddhir.

  33. Sh: -kriyāyā.

  34. Cf. 43*,27-28 above: karaṇaṃ hi kartṛparatantraṃ svavyāpārāviṣṭaṃ pradhānakriyāyām upayogavat

  35. Sh: 'rthaś ca.

  36. 'dhyavasyati. Ms: 'dhyavasati.

  37. Source: PV III 444.

  38. Sh|PVBh: uttarottaraṃ.

  39. Parallel: PVBh 344,20-21: kecid āhur ālocanājñānaṃ…pūrvapūrvaṃ pramāṇam uttarottaraṃ phalam iti kramaḥ. Cf. ŚV pratyakṣasūtra v.112: asti hy ālocanājñānaṃ prathamaṃ nirvikalpakam; v.120: tataḥ paraṃ punar vastu dharmair jātyādibhir yayā. Cf. TR 44*,25-26 below: bhaṭṭādidarśane vastumātragrāhakam ālocanājñānaṃ jātyādiviśiṣṭavastugrāhi ca.

  40. Source: ŚV pratyakṣasūtra v.60ab.

  41. Source: ŚV pratyakṣasūtra v.60cd: manaso vendriyair yoga ātmanā sarva eva vā.

  42. Cf. TR 44*,14-17 above.

  43. Cf. PVinT: 'di ni khyad par can gyi śes pa la, 'di ni khyad par gyi śes pa'o źes rnam par gźag pa mi 'grub ste.

  44. Source: PV III 314cd: …na ca syāt…

  45. jñā is missing in Sh.

  46. antyabhedakaṃ. Sh: anyabhedakaṃ.

  47. Source: PV III 311cd a: antyaṃ.

  48. Cf. AA 1,4,42: sādhakatamaṃ karaṇam.

  49. Sh: cānyabhedakaṃ.

  50. Sh: samastam.

  51. Ms| Sh: nikārasya.

  52. Cf. PV III 312ab: sarvasāmānyahetutvād akṣāṇām asti nedṛśam.

  53. Sh: kriyākārakayor.

  54. Sh: bhāveṣv abhinnābhimateṣv adhyāropaṇavṛttitaḥ. PV:…āropeṇa vṛttitah.

  55. Source: PV III 318-319.

  56. Source: NB I s.18.

  57. Ms: vyapadiṣṭanāniṣṭaṃ karoti; Sh: vyapadiṣṭenāniṣṭaṃ karoti.

  58. Parallel: PVBh 349,3: paramārthatas tv ākāra eva prakāśamānaḥ pramitiḥ.

  59. Cf. PVBh 348,24-25: notpatananipatane parśuto vyatiricyete| tasyaivāparāparadeśasaṅginy utpattis tathā vyapadeśavatī|

  60. evaṃvidhā sarvaiva. Cf. PV III 319a. Cf. TR 45*,9 above.

  61. Source: PVBh III v. 624.

  62. Ms| Sh: yasminnābhinne.

  63. Ms| Sh: paramārthas.

  64. Source: PVBh 348,31-32: yo hi yasminn abhinne bhidyate sa tasmād vyatiricyate. paramārthatas tu devadatta eva.

  65. Ms: evaṃ for eva.

  66. Source: PVBh 348,32f.: loka ekatvāropeṇa pravartata iti tadanurodhāt kriyākārakavyavasthā.

  67. Source: PVBh 349,1-3: evam ākāro 'pi na phalādhigativyāpakaḥ, adhigatis tu sakalākāravyāpikā, tato bhedavyavasthā pramitipramāṇayoḥ.

  68. Source: PV III 307cd-308.

  69. Sh: savyapāra-.

  70. Source: PS I 8cd. Parallel: PVBh 349,5.

  71. Sh: tad eva sagrāhakā-.

  72. Ms36a1 reads grantha 40 after the chapter title. The exact meaning is unclear to the editor.