Adhyāya 2

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 1

ata ūrdhvaṃ pramāṇādiparīkṣā/ sā ca vimṛśya pakṣapratipakṣābhyām arthāvadhāraṇaṃ nirṇayaḥ ity agre vimarṣa eva parīkṣyate —

samānānekadharmādhyavasāyād anyataradharmādhyavasāyād vā na saṃśayaḥ // 2.1.1 //

samānasya dharmasyādhyavasāyāt saṃśayo na dharmamātrāt/ atha vā samānam anayor dharmam upalabha iti dharmadharmigrahaṇe saṃśayābhāva iti/

409 atha vā samānadharmādhyavasāyād arthāntarabhūte dharmiṇi saṃśayo 'nupapannaḥ, na jātu rūpasyārthāntarabhūtasyādhyavasāyād arthāntarabhūte sparśe saṃśaya iti/ atha vā na adhyavasāyād arthāvadhāraṇād anavadhāraṇajñānaṃ saṃśaya upapadyate kāryakāraṇayoḥ sārūpyābhāvād iti/ etenānekadharmādhyavasāyād iti vyākhyātam/ anyataradharmādhyvasāyāc ca saṃśayo na bhavati, tato hy anyatarāvadhāraṇam eveti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 2

411

vipratipattyavyavasthādhyavasāyāc ca // 2.1.2 //

na vipratipattimātrād avyavasthāmātrād vā saṃśayaḥ/ kiṃ tarhi? vipratipattim upalabhamānasya saṃśayaḥ/ evam avyavasthāyām apīti/ atha vāsty ātmety eke nāsty ātmety apare manyanta ity upalabdheḥ kathaṃ saṃśayaḥ syād iti/ tathopalabdhir avyavasthitā anupalabdhiś cāvyavasthiteti vibhāgenādhyavasite saṃśayo nopapadyata iti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 3

vipratipattau ca sampratipatteḥ // 2.1.3 //

yāṃ ca vipratipattiṃ bhavān saṃśayahetuḥ manyate sā sampratipattiḥ, sā hi dvayoḥ pratyanīkadharmaviṣayā/ tatra yadi vipratipatteḥ saṃśayaḥ, sampratipatter eva saṃśaya iti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 4

412

avyavasthātmani vyavasthitatvāc cāvyavasthāyāḥ // 2.1.4 //

na saṃśayaḥ/ yadi tāvad iyam avyavasthā ātmani eva vyavasthitā, vyavasthānād avyavasthā na bhavatīty anupapannaḥ saṃśayaḥ/ atha avyavasthātmani na vyavasthitā, evam atādātmyād avyavasthā na bhavatīti saṃśayābhāva iti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 5

tathātyantasaṃśayas taddharmasātatyopapatteḥ // 2.1.5 //

yena kalpena bhavān samānadharmopapatteḥ saṃśaya iti manyate, tena khalv atyantasaṃśayaḥ prasajyate/ samānadharmopapatter anucchedāt saṃśayānucchedaḥ/ na hy ayam ataddharmā dharmī vimṛśyamāṇo gṛhyate, satataṃ tu taddharmā bhavatīti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 6

413 asya pratiṣedhaprapañcasya saṅkṣepeṇoddhāraḥ —

yathoktādhyavasāyād eva tadaviśeṣāpekṣāt saṃśaye nāsaṃśayo nātyantasaṃśayo vā // 2.1.6 //

na saṃśayānutpattiḥ saṃśayānucchedaś ca prasajyate/ katham? yat tāvat samānadharmādhyavasāyaḥ saṃśayahetuḥ na samānadharmamātram iti, evam etat/ kasmād evaṃ nocyata iti? viśeṣāpekṣa iti vacanāt tatsiddheḥ — viśeṣasyāpekṣā ākaṅkṣā, sā cānupalabhyamāne viśeṣe samarthā, na coktaṃ samānadharmāpekṣa iti/ samāne ca dharme katham ākaṅkṣā na bhaved yady ayaṃ pratyakṣaḥ syāt/ etena sāmarthyena vijñāyate samānadharmādhyavasāyād iti/ upapattivacanād vā — samānadharmopapatter ity ucyate na cānyā sadbhāvasaṃvedanād ṛte samānadharmopapattir asti/ anupalabhyamānasadbhāvo hi samāno dharmo 'vidyamānavad bhavatīti/ viṣayaśabdena vā viṣayiṇaḥ pratyayasyābhidhānam — yathā loke dhūmenāgnir anumīyate ity ukte dhūmadarśanenāgnir anumīyata iti jñāyate/ katham? dṛṣṭvā hi dhūmam athāgnim anuminoti nādṛṣṭveti; na ca vākye darśanaśabdaḥ śrūyate, anujānāti ca vākyasyārthapratyāyakatvam; tena manyāmahe viṣayaśabdena viṣayiṇaḥ pratyayasyābhidhānaṃ boddhānujānāti/ evam ihāpi samānadharmaśabdena samānadharmādhyvasāyam āheti/

414 yathohitvā samānamanayor dharmam upalabha iti dharmadharmigrahaṇe saṃśayābhāva iti, pūrvadṛṣṭaviṣayam etat/ yāv aham arthau pūrvam adrākṣaṃ tayoḥ samānaṃ dharmam upalabhe viśeṣaṃ nopalabha iti, kathaṃ nu viśeṣaṃ paśyeyaṃ yenānyataram avadhārayeyam iti/ na caitat samānadharmopalabdhau dharmadharmigrahaṇamātreṇa nivartata iti/ yac coktaṃ nārthāntarādhyavasāyād anyatra saṃśaya iti, yo hy arthāntarādhyavasāyamātraṃ saṃśayahetum upādadīta sa evaṃ vācya iti/ yat punar etat kāryakāraṇayoḥ sārūpyābhāvād iti, kāraṇasya bhāvābhāvayoḥ kāryasya bhāvābhāvau kāryakāraṇayoḥ sārūpyam/

415 yasyotpādād yad utpadyate yasya cānutpādād yan notpadyate tat kāraṇaṃ kāryam itarad ity etat sārūpyam, asti ca saṃśayakāraṇe saṃśaye caitad iti/ etenānekadharmādhyavasāyād iti pratiṣedhaḥ parihṛta iti/ yat punar etad uktaṃ vipratipattyavyavasthādhyavasāyāc ca na saṃśaya iti, pṛthakpravādayor vyāhatam artham upalabhe viśeṣaṃ ca na jānāmi nopalabhe yenānyataram avadhārayeyam,

416 tat ko 'tra viśeṣaḥ syād yenaikataram avadhārayeyam iti saṃśayo vipratipattijanito 'yaṃ na śakyo vipratipattisampratipattimātreṇa nivartayitum iti/evam upalabdhyanupalabdhyavyavasthākṛte saṃśaye veditavyam iti/ yat punar etat vipratipattau ca sampratipatter iti, vipratipattiśabdasya yo 'rthaḥ tadadhyavasāyo viśeṣāpekṣaḥ saṃśayahetus tasya ca samākhyāntareṇa na nivṛttiḥ/ samāne 'dhikaraṇe vyāhatārthau pravādau vipratipattiśabdasyārthaḥ tadadhyavasāyaś ca viśeṣāpekṣaḥ saṃśayahetuḥ/ na cāsya sampratipattiśabde samākhyāntare yojyamāne saṃśayahetutuvaṃ nivartate/ tad idam akṛtabuddhisammohanam iti/ yat punaḥ avyavasthātmani vyavasthitatvāc cāvyavasthāyā iti, saṃśayahetor arthasyāpratiṣedhād avyavasthābhyanujñānāc ca nimittāntareṇa śabdāntarakalpanā vyarthā/ śabdāntarakalpanāvyavasthā khalv avyavasthā na bhavaty avyavasthātmani vyavasthitatvād iti/

417 nānayor upalabdhyanupalabdhyoḥ sadasadviṣayatvaṃ viśeṣāpekṣaṃ saṃśayahetur na bhvatīti pratiṣidhyate yāvatā cāvyavasthātmani vyavasthitā na tāvatātmānaṃ jahāti, tāvatā hy anujñātāvyavasthā/ evam iyaṃ kriyamāṇāpi śabdāntarakalpanā nārthāntaraṃ sādhayatīti/ yat punar etat tathātyantasaṃśayas taddharmasātatyopapatteḥ iti, nāyaṃ samānadharmādibhya eva saṃśayaḥ/ kiṃ tarhi? tadviṣayādhyavasāyād viśeṣasmṛtisahitād ity ato nātyantasaṃśaya iti/ anyataradharmādhyavasāyād vā na saṃśaya iti, tan na yuktam; viśeṣāpekṣo vimarṣaḥ saṃśaya iti vacanāt/ viśeṣaś cānyataradharmo na tasminn adhyvasīyamāne viśeṣāpekṣā sambhavatīti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 7

418

yathra saṃśayas tatraivam uttarottaraprasaṅgaḥ // 2.1.7 //

yatra yatra saṃśayapūrvikā parīkṣā śāstre kathāyāṃ vā, tatra tatraivaṃ saṃśaye pareṇa pratiṣiddhe samādhir vācya iti/ ataḥ sarvaparīkṣāvyāpitvāt prathamaṃ saṃśayaḥ parīkṣita iti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 8

419 atha pramāṇaparīkṣā —

pratyakṣādīnām aprāmāṇyaṃ traikālyāsiddheḥ // 2.1.8 //

pratyakṣādīnāṃ pramāṇatvaṃ nāsti traikālyāsiddheḥ pūrvāparasahabhāvānupapatter ity arthaḥ//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 9

420 asya sāmānyavacanasyārthavibhāgaḥ —

pūrvaṃ hi pramāṇasiddhau nendriyārthasannikarṣāt pratyakṣotpattiḥ // 2.1.9 //

gandhādiviṣayaṃ jñānaṃ pratyakṣam, tad yadi pūrvam, paścād gandhādīnāṃ siddhiḥ, nedaṃ gandhādisannikarṣād utpadyata iti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 10

paścāt siddhau na pramāṇebhyaḥ prameyasiddhiḥ // 2.1.10 //

asati pramāṇe kena pramīyamāṇo 'rthaḥ prameyaḥ syāt pramāṇena khalu pramīyamāṇo 'rthaḥ prameyam ity etat sidhyati//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 11

421

yugapatsiddhau pratyarthaniyatatvāt kramavṛttitvābhāvo buddhīnām // 2.1.11 //

yadi pramāṇaṃ prameyaṃ ca yugapadbhavataḥ, evam api gandhādiṣv indriyārtheṣu jñānāni pratyarthaniyatāni yugapatsambhavantīti jñānānāṃ pratyakṣaniyatatvāt kramavṛttitvābhāvaḥ/ yā imā buddhayaḥ krameṇārtheṣu varttante tāsāṃ kramavṛttitvaṃ na sambhavatīti/ vyāghātaś ca yugapaj jñānānutpattir manaso liṅgam iti/ etāvāṃś ca pramāṇaprameyayoḥ sadbhāvaviṣayaḥ sa cānupapanna iti/ tasmāt pratyakṣādīnāṃ pramāṇatvaṃ na sambhavatīti/ asya samādhiḥ — upalabdhihetor upalabdhiviṣayasya cārthasya pūrvāparasahabhāvāniyamād yathādarśanaṃ vibhāgavacanam/

423 kavacid upalabdhihetuḥ, paścād upalabdhiviṣayaḥ, yathādityasya prakāśa utpadyamānānām/ kvacit pūrvam upalabdhiviṣayaḥ paścād upalabdhihetuḥ, yathāvasthitānāṃ pradīpaḥ/ kvacid upalabdhihetur upalabdhiviṣayaś ca saha bhvataḥ, yathā dhūmenāgner grahaṇam iti/ upalabdhihetuś ca pramāṇaṃ prameyaṃ tūpalabdhiviṣayaḥ/ evaṃ pramāṇaprameyayoḥ pūrvāparasahabhāve 'niyate yathārtho dṛśyate tathā vibhajya vacanīya iti tatraikāntena pratiṣedhānupapattiḥ, sāmānyena khalu vibhajya pratiṣedha ukta iti/ samākhyāhetos traikālyayogāt tathābhūtā samākhyā/ yat punar idaṃ paścāt siddhāv asati pramāṇe prameyaṃ na sidhyati, pramāṇena pramīyamāṇo 'rthaḥ prameyam iti vijñāyata iti/ pramāṇam ity etasyāḥ samākhyāyā upalabdhihetutvaṃ nimittam,

424 tasya traikālyayogaḥ/ upalabdhim akārṣīt, upalabdhiṃ karoti, upalabdhiṃ kariṣyatīti samākhyāhetos traikālyayogāt samākhyā tathābhūtā pramito 'nenārthaḥ pramīyate pramāsyata iti pramāṇam; pramitam, pramīyate, pramāsyate iti ca prameyam/ evaṃ sati bhaviṣyaty asmin hetuta upalabdhiḥ, pramāsyate 'yam arthaḥ prameyam idam ity etat sarvaṃ bhvatīti/ traikālyānabhyanujñāne ca vyavahārānupapattiḥ/ yaś caivaṃ nābhyanujānīyāt tasya pācakam ānaya pakṣyati lāvakam ānaya laviṣyatīti vyavahāro nopapadyata iti/ pratyakṣādīnām aprāmāṇyaṃ traikālyāsiddher ity evamādi vākyaṃ pramāṇapratiṣedhaḥ/ tatrāyaṃ praṣṭavyaḥ, athānena pratiṣedhena bhavatā kiṃ kriyata iti? kiṃ sambhavo nivartyate athāsambhavo jñāpyate iti/

425 tad yadi sambhavo nivartyate sati sambhave pratyakṣādīnāṃ pratiṣedhānupapattiḥ/ athāsambhavo jñāpyate, pramāṇalakṣaṇaṃ prāptas tarhi pratiṣedhaḥ pramāṇāsambhavasyopalabdhihetutvād iti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 12

kiṃ cātaḥ?

traikālyāsiddheḥ pratiṣedhānupapattiḥ // 2.1.12 //

asya tu vibhāgaḥ/ pūrvaṃ hi pratiṣedhasiddhāv asati pratiṣedhye kim anena pratiṣidhyate paścāt siddhau pratiṣedhyāsiddhiḥ pratiṣedhābhāvād iti/ yugapatsiddhau pratiṣedhyasiddhyabhyanujñānād anarthakaḥ pratiṣedha iti/

426 pratiṣedhalakṣaṇe ca vākye 'nupapadyamāne siddhaṃ pratyakṣādīnāṃ pramāṇatvam iti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 13

427 katham?

sarvapramāṇapratiṣedhāc ca pratiṣedhānupapattiḥ // 2.1.13 //

traikālyāsiddher ity asya hetor yady udāharaṇam upādīyate hetvarthasya sādhakatvaṃ dṛṣṭānte darśayitavyam iti,

428 na ca tarhi pratyakṣādīnām aprāmāṇyam/ atha pratyakṣādīnām aprāmāṇyam, upādīyamānam apy udāharaṇaṃ nārthaṃ sādhayiṣyatīti so 'yaṃ sarvapramāṇavyāhato hetur ahetuḥ; siddhāntam abhyupetya tadvirodhī viruddhaḥ iti/ vākyārtho hy asya siddhāntaḥ/ sa ca vākyārthaḥ pratyakṣādīni nārthaṃ sādhayantītīdaṃ cāvayavānām upādānam arthasya sādhanāyeti/ atha nopādīyate apradarśitaṃ hetvarthasya dṛṣṭāntena sādhakatvam iti niṣedho nopapadyate hetutvāsiddher iti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 14

429

tatprāmāṇye vā na sarvapramāṇavipratiṣedhaḥ // 2.1.14 //

pratiṣedhalakṣaṇe svavākye teṣām avayavāśritānāṃ pratyakṣādīnāṃ prāmāṇye 'bhyanujñāyamāne paravākye 'py avayavāśritānāṃ prāmāṇyaṃ prasajyate 'viśeṣād iti/ evaṃ ca na sarvāṇi pramāṇāni pratiṣidhyanta iti/ vipratiṣedha iti vīty ayam upasargaḥ sampratipattyarthe, na vyāghāte 'rthābhāvād iti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 15

430

traikālyāpratiṣedhaś ca śabdād ātodyasiddhivat tatsiddheḥ // 2.1.15 //

kim arthaṃ punar idam ucyate? pūrvoktanibandhanārtham/ yat tāvat pūrvoktam upalabdhihetor upalabdhiviṣayasya cārthasya pūrvāparasahabhāvāniyamād yathādarśanaṃ vibhāgavacanam iti, tad itaḥ samutthānaṃ yathā vijñāyeta/ anityam adarśī khalv ayam ṛṣir niyamena pratiṣedhaṃ pratyācaṣṭe — traikālyasya cāyuktaḥ pratiṣedha iti/ tatraikāṃ vidhām udāharati śabdād ātodyasiddhivad iti/

431 yathā paścāt siddhena śabdena pūrvasiddham ātodyam anumīyate, sādhyaṃ cātodyaṃ sādhanaṃ ca śabdaḥ, antarhite hy ātodye svanato 'numānaṃ bhavatīti vīṇā vādyate veṇuḥ pūryate iti svanaviśeṣeṇa ātodyaviśeṣaṃ pratipadyate; tathā pūrvasiddham upalabdhiviṣayaṃ paścāt siddhenopalabdhihetunā pratipadyata iti/ nidarśanārthatvāc cāsya śeṣayor vidhayor yathoktam udāharaṇaṃ veditavyam iti/ kasmāt punar iha tan nocyate? pūrvoktam upapādyata iti/ sarvathā tāvad ayam arthaḥ prakāśayitavyaḥ, sa iha vā prakāśyeta tatra vā, na kaścid viśeṣa iti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 16

432 pramāṇaṃ prameyam iti ca samākhyā samāveśena varttate samākhyānimittavaśāt/ samākhyānimittaṃ tūpalabdhisādhanaṃ pramāṇam upalabdhiviṣayaś ca prameyam iti/ yadā ca upalabdhiviṣayaḥ kvacid upalabdhisādhanaṃ bhavati tadā pramāṇaṃ prameyam iti caiko 'rtho 'bhidhīyate/ asyārthasyāvadyotanārtham idam ucyate —

433

prameyā ca tulāprāmāṇyavat // 2.1.16 //

gurutvaparimāṇajñānasādhanaṃ tulā pramāṇam, jñānaviṣayo guru dravyaṃ suvarṇādi prameyam/ yathā suvarṇādinā tulāntaraṃ vyavasthāpyate tadā tulāntarapratipattau suvarṇādi pramāṇam tulāntaraṃ prameyam iti/ evam anavayavena tantrārtha uddiṣṭo veditavyaḥ/ ātmā tāvad upalabdhiviṣayatvāt prameye paripaṭhitaḥ, upalabdhau svātantryāt pramātā/ buddhir upalabdhisādhanatvāt pramāṇam, upalabdhiviṣayatvāt prameyam; ubhayābhāvāt tu pramitiḥ/ evam arthaviśeṣe samākhyāsamāveśo yojyaḥ/ tathā ca kārakaśabdā nimittavaśāt samāveśena varttanta iti/

434 vṛkṣas tiṣṭhatīti svasthitau svātantryāt kartā/ vṛkṣaṃ paśyatīti darśanenāptum iṣyamāṇatamatvāt karma/

437 vṛkṣeṇa candramasaṃ jñāpayatīti jñāpakasya sādhakatamatvāt karaṇam/

438 vṛkṣāyodakam āsiñcatīti āsicyamānenodakena vṛkṣam abhipraitīti sampradānam/ vṛkṣāt parṇaṃ patatīti dhruvam apāye 'pādānam ity apādānam/ vṛkṣe vayāṃsi santīti ādhāro 'dhikaraṇam ity adhikaraṇam/ evam ca sati na dravyamātraṃ kārakam, na kriyāmātram/ kiṃ tarhi? kriyāsādhanaṃ kriyāviśeṣayuktaṃ kārakam/ yat kriyāsādhanaṃ svatantram sa kartā, na dravyamātraṃ na kriyāmātram/ kriyayā vyāptum iṣyamāṇatamaṃ karma,

439 na dravyamātraṃ na kryāmātram/ evaṃ sādhakatamādiṣv api/ evaṃ ca kārakānvākhyānaṃ yathaiva upapattita evaṃ lakṣaṇataḥ/ kārakānvākhyānam api na dravyamātre na kriyāyām vā/ kiṃ tarhi? kriyāsādhane kriyāviśeṣayukta iti/ kārakaśabdaś cāyaṃ pramāṇaṃ prameyam iti, sa ca kārakadharmaṃ na hātum arhati//16//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 17

440 asti bhoḥ kārakaśabdānāṃ nimittavaśāt samāveṣaḥ/ pratyakṣādīni ca pramāṇāni upalabdhihetutvāt, prameyaṃ copalabdhiviṣayatvāt/ saṃvedyāni ca pratyakṣādīni pramāṇāni, pratyakṣeṇopalabhe anumānenopalabhe upamānenopalabhe āgamenopalabhe/ pratyakṣaṃ me jñānam ānumānikaṃ me jñānam aupamānikaṃ me jñānam āgamikaṃ me jñānam iti viśeṣā gṛhyante/ lakṣaṇataś ca jñāpyamānāni jñāyante viśeṣeṇendriyārthasannikarṣotpannaṃ jñānam ity evamādinā/

441 seyam upalabdhiḥ pratyakṣādiviṣayā kiṃ pramāṇāntarataḥ athāntareṇa pramāṇāntaram asādhaneti? kaś cātra viśeṣaḥ?

pramāṇataḥ siddheḥ pramāṇānāṃ pramāṇāntarasiddhiprasaṅgaḥ // 2.1.17 //

yadi pratyakṣādīni pramāṇenopalabhyante, yena pramāṇenopalabhyante tat pramāṇāntaram astīti pramāṇāntarasadbhāvaḥ prasajyata iti anavasthām āha tasyāpy anyena tasyāpy anyeneti/

442 na cānavasthā śakyānujñātum anupapatter iti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 18

astu tarhi pramāṇāntaram antareṇa niḥsādhaneti?—

tadvinivṛtter vā pramāṇasiddhivat prameyasiddhiḥ // 2.1.18 //

yadi pratyakṣādyupalabdhau pramāṇāntaraṃ nivarttane ātmādyupalabdhāv api pramāṇāntaraṃ nivartsyaty aviśeṣāt//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 19

443 evaṃ ca sarvapramāṇavilopa ity ata āha —

na pradīpaprakāśasiddhivat tatsiddheḥ // 2.1.19 //

yathā pradīpaprakāśaḥ pratyakṣāṅgatvād dṛśyadarśane pramāṇam, sa ca pratyakṣāntareṇa cakṣuṣaḥ sannikarṣeṇa gṛhyate; pradīpabhāvābhāvayor darśanasya tathābhāvād darśanahetur anumīyate, tamasi pradīpam upādadīthā ity āptopadeśenāpi pratipadyate; evaṃ pratyakṣādīnāṃ yathādarśanaṃ pratyakṣādibhir evopalabdhiḥ/ indriyāṇi tāvat svaviṣayagrahaṇenaivānumīyante/ arthāḥ pratyakṣato gṛhyante/ indriyārthasannikarṣās tv āvaraṇena liṅgenānumīyante/

444 indriyārthasannikarṣotpannaṃ jñānam ātmamanasoḥ saṃyogaviśeṣād ātmasamavayāc ca sukhādivad gṛhyate/ evaṃ pramāṇaviśeṣo vibhajya vacanīyaḥ/ yathā ca dṛśyaḥ san pradīpaprakāśo dṛśyāntarāṇāṃ darśanahetur iti dṛśyadarśanavyavasthāṃ labhate, evaṃ prameyaṃ sat kiñcid arthajātam upalabdhihetutvāt pramāṇaprameyavyvasthāṃ labhate/ seyaṃ pratyakṣādibhir eva pratyakṣādīnāṃ yathādarśanam upalabdhir na pramāṇāntarataḥ, na ca pramāṇam antareṇa niḥsādhaneti/ tenaiva tasyāgrahaṇam iti cet, na; arthabhedasya lakṣaṇasāmānyāt — pratyakṣādīnāṃ pratyakṣādibhir eva grahaṇam ity ayuktam, anyena hy anyasya grahaṇaṃ dṛṣṭam iti/ na, arthabhedasya lakṣaṇasāmānyāt — pratyakṣalakṣaṇenāneko 'rthaḥ saṃgṛhītas tatra kenacit kasyacid grahaṇam ity adoṣaḥ/ evam anumānādiṣv apīti/ yatoddhṛtenodakenāśayasthasya grahaṇam iti/

445 jñātṛmanasoś ca darśanāt — ahaṃ sukhī ahaṃ duḥkhī ceti tenaiva jñātrā tasyaiva grahaṇaṃ dṛśyate/ yugapajjñānānutpattir manaso liṅgam iti ca tenaiva manasā tasyaivānumānaṃ dṛśyate, jñātur jñeyasya cābhedo grahaṇasya grāhyasya cābheda iti/ nimittabhedo 'treti cet samānam — na nimittāntareṇa vinā jñātā ātmānaṃ jānīte, na ca nimittāntareṇa vinā manasā mano gṛhyata iti samānam etat, pratyakṣādbhiḥ pratyakṣādīnāṃ grahaṃam ity atrāpy arthabhedo na gṛhyata iti/ pratyakṣādīnāṃ cāviṣayasyānupapatteḥ — yadi syāt kiṃcid arthajātaṃ pratyakṣādīnām aviṣayaḥ yat pratyakṣādibhir na śakyaṃ grahītum, tasya grahaṇāya pramāṇāntaram upādīyeta, tat tu na śakyaṃ kenacid upapādayitum iti/ pratyakṣādīnāṃ yathādarśanam evedaṃ sac cāsac ca sarvaṃ viṣaya iti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 20

446

kvacin nivṛttidarśanād anivṛttidarśanāc ca kvacid anekāntaḥ // 2.1.20 //

kecit tu dṛṣṭāntam aparigṛhītaṃ hetunā viśeṣahetum antareṇa sādhyasādhanāyopādadate; yathā pradīpaprakāśaḥ pradīpāntaraprakāśam antareṇa gṛhyate tathā pramāṇāni pramāṇāntaram antareṇa gṛhyata iti/ sa cāyam — yathā cāyaṃ prasaṅgo nivṛttidarśanāt pramāṇasādhāyopādīyate/ evaṃ prameyasādhanāyāpy upādeyo 'viśeṣahetutvāt — yathā ca sthālyādirūpagrahaṇe pradīpaprakāśaḥ prameyasādhanāyopādīyate,

447 evaṃ pramāṇasādhāyāpy upādeyo viśeṣahetvabhāvāt, so 'yaṃ viśeṣahetuparigraham antareṇa dṛṣṭānta ekasmin pakṣe upādeyo na pratipakṣa ity anekāntaḥ/ ekasmiṃś ca pakṣe dṛṣṭānta ity anekānto viśeṣahetvabhāvād iti/

448 viśeṣahetuparigrahe sati upasaṃhārābhyanujñānād apratiṣedhaḥ — viśeṣahetuparigṛhītas tu dṛṣṭānta ekasmin pakṣe upasaṃhriyamāṇo na śakyo 'nujñātum/ evaṃ ca saty anekānta ity ayaṃ pratiṣedho na bhavati/ pratyakṣādīnāṃ pratyakṣādibhir upalabdhāv anavastheti ced, na saṃvidviṣayanimittānām upalabdhyā vyavahāropapatteḥ — pratyakṣeṇārtham upalabhe, anumānenārtham upalabhe, upamānenārtham upalabhe, āgamenārtham upalabhe iti, pratyakṣaṃ me jñānam, ānumānikaṃ me jñānam, aupamānikaṃ me jñānam, āgamikaṃ me jñānam iti saṃvidviṣayaṃ saṃvinnimittaṃ copalabhamānasya dharmārthasukhāpavargaprayojanas tatpratyanīkaparivarjanaprayojanaś ca vyavahāra upapadyate, so 'yaṃ tāvaty eva nivartate/ % tāvaty eva nivartate] 449 na cāsti vyavahārāntaram anavasthāsādhanīyaṃ yena pratyuktānavasthām upādadīteti//20//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 21

sāmānyena pramāṇāni parīkṣya viśeṣeṇa parīkṣyante/ tatra —

pratyakṣalakṣaṇānupapattir asamagravacanāt // 2.1.21 //

ātmamanaḥsannikarṣo hi kāraṇāntaraṃ noktam iti//21//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 22

450 na cāsaṃyukte dravye saṃyogajanyasya guṇasyotpattir iti jñānotpattidarśanād ātmamanaḥsannikarṣaḥ kāraṇam/

451 manaḥsannikarṣānapekṣasya cendriyārthasannikarṣasya jñānakāraṇatve yugapad utpadyeran buddhaya iti manaḥsannikarṣo 'pi kāraṇam/ tad idaṃ sūtraṃ purastāt kṛtabhāṣyam/

nātmamanasoḥ sannikarṣābhāve pratyakṣotpattiḥ // 2.1.22 //

ātmamanasoḥ sannikarṣābhāve notpadyate pratyakṣam indriyārthasannikarṣābhāvavad iti//22//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 23

452 sati cendriyārthasannikarṣe jñānotpattidarśanāt kāraṇabhāvaṃ bruvataḥ —

digdeśakālākāśeṣv apy evaṃ prasaṅgaḥ // 2.1.23 //

digādiṣu satsu jñānabhāvāt tāny api kāraṇānīti? akāraṇabhāve 'pi jñānotpattir digādisannidher avarjanīyatvāt — yadāpy akāraṇaṃ digādīni jñānotpattau, tadāpi satsu digādiṣu jñānena bhavitavyam,

453 na hi digādīnāṃ sannidhiḥ śakyaḥ parivarjayitum iti/ tatra kāraṇabhāve hetuvacanam, etasmād dhetor digādīni jñānakāraṇānīti//23//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 24

ātmamanaḥsannikarṣas tarhy upasaṅkhyeya iti/ tatredam ucyate —

jñānaliṅgatvād ātmano nānavarodhaḥ // 2.1.24 //

454 jñānam ātmaliṅgaṃ tadguṇatvāt/ na cāsaṃyukte dravye saṃyogajasya guṇasyotpattir astīti//24//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 25

455

tadayaugapadyaliṅgatvāc ca na manasaḥ // 2.1.25 //

anavarodha iti varttate/ yugapaj jñānānutpattir manaso liṅgam ity ucyamāne sidhyaty eva manaḥsannikarṣāpekṣa indriyārthasannikarṣo jñānakāraṇam iti//25//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 26

456

pratyakṣanimittatvāc cendriyārthayoḥ sannikarṣasya svaśabdena vacanam // 2.1.26 //

pratyakṣānumānopamānaśabdānāṃ nimittam ātmamanaḥsannikarṣaḥ, pratyakṣasyaivendriyārthasannikarṣa ity asamānaḥ, asamānatvāt tasya grahaṇam//26//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 27

457

suptavyāsaktamanasāṃ cendriyārthayoḥ sannikarṣanimittatvāt // 2.1.27 //

indriyārthasannikarṣasya grahaṇaṃ nātmamanasoḥ sannikarṣasyeti/ ekadā khalv ayaṃ prabodhakālaṃ praṇidhāya suptaḥ praṇidhānavaśāt prabudhyate/ yadā tu tīvrau dhvanisparśau prabodhakāraṇaṃ bhavatas tadā prasuptasyendriyasannikarṣanimittaṃ prabodhajñānam utpadyate/ tatra na jñātur manasaś ca sannikarṣasya prādhānyaṃ bhavati/ kiṃ tarhi? indriyārthayoḥ sannikarṣasya/ na hy ātmā jijñāsamānaḥ prayatnena manas tadā prerayatīti/ ekadā khalv ayaṃ viṣayāntarāsaktamanāḥ saṅkalpavaśād viṣayāntaraṃ jijñāsamānaḥ prayatnapreritena manasā indriyaṃ saṃyojya tad viṣayāntaraṃ jānīte/ yadā tu khalv asya niḥsaṅkalpasya nirjijñāsasya ca vyāsaktamanaso bāhyaviṣayopanipātanāj jñānam utpadyate tadendriyārthasannikarṣasya prādhānyam/

458 na hy atrāsau jijñāsamānaḥ prayatnena manaḥ prerayatīti/ prādhānyāc cendriyārthasannikarṣasya grahaṇaṃ kāryaṃ guṇatvād nātmamanasoḥ sannikarṣasyeti//27//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 28

prādhānye ca hetvantaram —

taiś cāpadeśo jñānaviśeṣāṇām // 2.1.28 //

tair indriyair arthaiś ca vyapadiśyante jñānaviśeṣāḥ/ katham? ghrāṇena jighrati, cakṣuṣā paśyati, rasanayā rasayatīti, ghrāṇavijñānaṃ cakṣurvijñānaṃ rasanāvijñānaṃ gandhavijñānaṃ rūpavijñānaṃ rasavijñānam iti ca/ indriyaviṣayaviśeṣāc ca pañcadhā buddhir bhavati/ ataḥ prādhānyam indriyārthasannikarṣasyeti//28//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 29

451 yad uktam indriyārthasannikarṣagrahaṇaṃ kāryam, nātmamanasoḥ sannikarṣasyeti, kasmāt? suptavyāsaktamanasām indriyārthayoḥ sannikarṣasya jñānanimittatvād iti/ so 'yam —

vyāhatatvād ahetuḥ // 2.1.29 //

yadi tāvat kvacid ātmamanasoḥ sannikarṣasya jñānakāraṇatvaṃ neṣyate, tadā yugapajjñānānutpattir manaso liṅgam iti vyāhanyeta/ nedānīṃ manasaḥ sannikarṣam indriyārthasannikarṣo 'pekṣate/

460 -yārthasannikarṣo .pekṣate/] 460 manaḥsaṃyogānapekṣāyāṃ ca yugapajjñānotpattiprasaṅgaḥ/ atha mā bhūd vyāghāta iti sarvavijñānānām ātmamanasoḥ sannikarṣaḥ kāraṇam iṣyate, tadavastham evedaṃ bhavati; jñānakāraṇatvād ātmamanasoḥ sannikarṣasya grahaṇaṃ kāryam iti//29//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 30

nārthaviśeṣaprābalyāt // 2.1.30 //

nāsti vyāghātaḥ, na hy ātmamanaḥsannikarṣasya jñānakāraṇatvaṃ vyabhicarati/ indriyārthasannikarṣasya prādhānyam upādīyate/ arthaviśeṣaprābalyād dhi suptavyāsaktamanasāṃ jñānotpattir ekadā bhavati/ arthaviśeṣaḥ kaścid evendriyārthaḥ, tasya prābalyaṃ tīvratāpaṭute/ tac cārthaviśeṣaprābalyam indriyārthasannikarṣaviṣayaṃ nātmamanasoḥ sannikarṣaviṣayam, tasmād indriyārthasannikarṣaḥ pradhānam iti/

461 asati praṇidhāne saṅkalpe cāsati suptavyāsaktamanasāṃ yad indriyārthasannikarṣād utpadyate jñānam, tatra manaḥsaṃyogo 'pi kāraṇam iti manasi kriyākāraṇaṃ vācyam iti/ yathaiva jñātuḥ khalv ayam icchājanitaḥ prayatno manasaḥ preraka ātmaguṇaḥ, evam ātmani guṇāntaraṃ sarvasya sādhakaṃ pravṛttidoṣajanitam asti, yena preritaṃ mana indriyeṇa sambadhyate/ tena hy apreryamāṇe manasi saṃyogābhāvāj jñānānutpattau sarvārthatāsya nivarttate/ eṣitavyaṃ cāsya guṇāntarasya dravyaguṇakarmakāraṇatvam, anyathā hi caturvidhānām aṇūnāṃ bhūtasūkṣmāṇāṃ manasāṃ ca tato 'nyasya kriyāhetor asambhavāt śarīrendriyaviṣayāṇām anutpattiprasaṅgaḥ//30//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 31

462

pratyakṣam anumānam ekadeśagrahaṇād upalabdheḥ // 2.1.31 //

yad idam indriyārthasannikarṣād utpadyate jñānaṃ vṛkṣa iti, etat kila pratyakṣam, tat khalv anumānam eva/ kasmāt? ekadeśagrahaṇād vṛkṣasyopalabdheḥ/ arvāgbhāgam ayaṃ gṛhītvā vṛkṣam upalabhate/ na caikadeśo vṛkṣaḥ/ tatra yathā dhūmaṃ gṛhītvā vahnim anuminoti tādṛg eva tad bhavati/

463 kiṃ punar gṛhyamāṇād ekadeśād arthāntaram anumeyaṃ manyase? avayavasamūhapakṣe avayavāntarāṇi dravyāntarotpattipakṣe tāni cāvavavī ceti/ avayavasamūhapakṣe tāvad ekadeśagrahaṇād vṛkṣabuddher abhāvaḥ, nāgṛhyamāṇam ekadeśāntaraṃ vṛkṣo gṛhyamāṇaikadeśavad iti/

464 athaikadeśagrahaṇād ekadeśāntarānumāne samudāyapratisandhānāt tatra vṛkṣabuddhiḥ? na tarhi vṛkṣabuddhir anumānam evaṃ sati bhavitum arhatīti/

467 dravyāntarotpattipakṣe nāvayavyanumeyaḥ, asyaikadeśasambaddhasyāgrahaṇāt grahaṇe cāviśeṣād anumeyatvābhāvaḥ/ tasmād vṛkṣabuddhir anumānaṃ na bhavati//31//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 32

468 ekadeśagrahaṇam āśritya pratyakṣasyānumānatvam upapādyate/ tac ca —

na, pratyakṣeṇa yāvat tāvad apy upalambhāt // 2.1.32 //

na pratyakṣam anumānam, kasmāt? pratyakṣeṇaivopalambhāt/ yat tadekadeśagrahaṇam āśrīyate pratyakṣeṇāsāv upalambhaḥ/ na copalambho nirviṣayo 'sti/ yāvac cārthajātaṃ tasya viṣayas tāvad abhyupajñāyamānaṃ pratyakṣavyavasthāpakaṃ bhavati/ kiṃ punas tato 'nyad arthajātam, avayavī samudāyo vā? na caikadeśagrahaṇam anumānaṃ bhāvayituṃ śakyaṃ hetvabhāvād iti/

469 anyathāpi ca pratyakṣasya nānumānatvaprasaṅgas tatpūrvakatvāt — pratyakṣapūrvakam anumānam, sambaddhāv agnidhūmau pratyakṣato dṛṣṭavato dhūmapratyakṣadarśanād agnāv anumānaṃ bhavati/ yac ca sambaddhayor liṅgaliṅginoḥ pratyakṣam, yac ca liṅgamātrapratyakṣagrahaṇam, naitad antareṇa anumānasya pravṛttir asti; na tv etad anumānam indriyārthasannikarṣajatvāt/ na cānumeyasyendriyeṇa sannikarṣād anumānaṃ bhavati/ so 'ya. pratyakṣānumānayor lakṣaṇabhedo mahān āśrayitavya iti/

470 na caikadeśopalabdhir avayavisadbhāvāt/ na caikadeśopalabdhimātram/ kiṃ tarhi? ekadeśopalabdhiḥ tatsahacaritāvayavyupalabdhiś ca/ kasmāt? avayavisadbhāvāt/ asti hy ayam ekadeśavyatirikto 'vayavī tasyāvayavasthānasyopalabdhikāraṇaprāptasyaikadeśopalabdhāv anupalabdhir anupapanneti/ akṛtsnagrahaṇād iti cet, na kāraṇato 'nyasyaikadeśasyābhāvāt — na cāvayavāḥ kṛtsnā gṛhyante avayavair evāvayavāntaravyavadhānāt,

471 nāvayavī kṛtsno gṛhyata iti, nāyaṃ gṛhyamnāṇeṣv avayaveṣu parisamāpta iti, seyam ekaddeśopalabdhir anivṛttaiveti/ kṛtsnam iti vai khalv aśeṣatāyāṃ satyāṃ bhavati, akṛtsnam iti śeṣe sati, tac caitad avayaveṣu bahuṣv asti avyavadhāne grahaṇād vyavadhāne cāgrahaṇād iti/ aṅga tu bhavān pṛṣṭo vyācaṣṭāṃ gṛhyamāṇasyāvayavinaḥ kim agṛhītaṃ manyate?

472 yenaikadeśopalabdhiḥ syād iti/ na hy asya kāraṇebhyo 'nye ekadeśā bhavantīti tatrāvayavavṛttaṃ nopapadyata iti/

473 idaṃ tasya vṛttam — yeṣām indriyasannikarṣād grahaṇam avayavānāṃ taiḥ saha gṛhyate, yeṣām avayavānāṃ vyavadhānād agrahaṇaṃ taiḥ saha na gṛhyate/ na caitatkṛto 'sti bheda iti/

477 samudāyaśeṣatā vā samudāyo vṛkṣaḥ syāt tatprāptir vā, ubhayathā grahaṇābhāvaḥ/ mūlaskandhaśākhāpalāśādīnām aśeṣatā vā samudāyo vṛkṣa iti syāt prāptir vā samudāyinām iti, ubhayathā samudāyabhūtasya vṛkṣasya grahaṇaṃ nopapadyata iti/ avayavais tāvad avayavāntarasya vyavadhānād aśeṣagrahaṇaṃ nopapadyate/ prāptigrahaṇam api nopapadyate prāptimatām agrahaṇāt/ seyam ekadeśagrahaṇasahacaritā vṛkṣavuddhir dravyāntarotpattau kalpate na samudayamātre iti//32//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 33

478

sādhyatvād avayavini sandehaḥ // 2.1.33 //

yad uktam avayavisadhbāvād iti, ayam ahetuḥ sādhyatvāt/ sādhyaṃ tāvad etat kāraṇebhyo dravyāntaram utpadyata iti, anupapāditam etat/ evaṃ ca sati vipratipattimātraṃ bhavati vipratipatteś cāvayavini saṃśaya iti//33//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 34

497

sarvāgrahaṇam avayavyasiddheḥ // 2.1.34 //

yady avayavī nāsti sarvasya grahaṇaṃ nopapadyate/ kiṃ tat sarvam? dravyaguṇakarmasāmānyaviśeṣasamavāyāḥ/ kathaṃ kṛtvā? paramāṇusamavasthānaṃ tāvad darśanaviṣayo na bhavaty atīndriyatvād aṇūnām, dravyāntarañ cāvayavibhūtaṃ darśanaviṣayo nāsti, darśanaviṣayasthāś ceme dravyādayo gṛhante te niradhiṣṭhānā na gṛhyeran/ gṛhyante tu kumbho 'yaṃ śyāma eko mahān saṃyuktaḥ spandate asti mṛnmayaś ceti, santi ceme guṇādayo dharmā iti/ tena sarvasya grahaṇāt paśyāmo 'sti dravyāntarabhūto .vayavīti//34//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 35

498

dhāraṇākarṣaṇopapatteś ca // 2.1.35 //

avayavy arthāntarabhūta iti/ saṅgrahakārite vai dhāraṇākarṣaṇe/ saṃgraho nāma saṃyogasahacaritaṃ guṇāntaraṃ snehadravatvakāritam, apāṃ saṃyogād āme kumbhe, agnisaṃyogāt pakve/ yadi tv avayavikārite abhaviṣyatāṃ pāṃśurāśiprabhṛtiśv apy ajñāsyetām/ dravyāntarānutpattau ca tṛṇopalakāṣṭhādiṣu jatusaṃgṛhīteṣv api nābhāviṣyatām iti/

499 athāvayavinaṃ pratyācakṣāṇako mā bhūt pratyakṣalopa ity aṇusañcayaṃ darśanaviṣayaṃ pratijānānaḥ kim anuyoktavya iti/ ekam idaṃ dravyam ity ekavuddher viṣayaṃ paryanuyojyaḥ — kim ekabuddhir abhinnārthaviṣayeti āhosvit bhinnārthaviṣayeti/ abhinnārthaviṣayeti cet —

500 arthāntarānujñānād avayavavisiddhiḥ/ nānārthaviṣayeti cet — bhinneṣv ekadarśanānupapattiḥ anekasminn eka iti vyāhatā buddhir na dṛśyata iti//35//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 36

senāvanavat grahaṇam iti cen nātīndriyatvād aṇūnām // 2.1.36 //

yathā senāṅgeṣu vanāṅgeṣu ca dūrād agṛhyamāṇapṛthaktveṣv ekam idam ity upapadyate buddhiḥ evam aṇuṣu sañciteṣv agṛhyamāṇapṛthaktveṣv ekam idam ity upapadyate buddhir iti/ yathā gṛhyamāṇapṛthaktvānāṃ senāvanāṅgānām ārāt kāraṇāntarataḥ pṛthaktvasyāgrahaṇam,

501 yathā gṛhyamāṇajātīnāṃ palāśa iti vā khadira iti vā nārāj jātigrahaṇaṃ bhavati/ yathā gṛhyamāṇapraspandānāṃ nārāt spandagrahaṇam, gṛhyamāṇe cārthajāte pṛthaktvasyāgrahaṇād ekam iti bhāktaḥ pratyayo bhavati, na tv aṇūnāṃ gṛhyamāṇapṛthaktvānāṃ kāraṇataḥ pṛthaktvasyāgrahaṇād bhākta ekapratyayaḥ, atīndriyatvād aṇūnām iti/

503 idam eva ca parīkṣyate kim ekapratyayo ṇusañcayaviṣaya āhosvit neti, aṇusañcaya eva senāvanāṅāni/ na ca parīkṣyamāṇam udāharaṇam iti yuktaṃ sādhyatvād iti/ dṛṣṭam iti cen na tadviṣayasya parīkṣopapatteḥ/ yad api manyeta dṛṣṭam idaṃ senāvanāṅgānāṃ pṛthaktvasyāgrahaṇād abhedenaikam iti grahaṇam, na ca dṛṣṭaṃ śakyaṃ pratyākhyātum iti, tac ca naivam, tadviṣayasya parīkṣopapatteḥ — darśanaviṣaya evāyaṃ parīkṣyate yo 'yam ekam iti pratyayo dṛśyate, sa parīkṣyate kiṃ dravyāntaraviṣayo vā athāṇusañcayaviṣaya iti/ atra darśanam anyatarasya sādhakaṃ na bhavati/ nānābhāve cāṇūnāṃ pṛthaktvasyāgrahaṇād abhedenaikam iti grahaṇam atasmiṃs tad iti pratyayaḥ, yathā sthāṇau puruṣa iti/ tataḥ kim?

504 atasmiṃs tad iti pratyayasya pradhānāpekṣitvāt pradhānasiddhiḥ/ sthāṇau puruṣa iti pratyayasya kiṃ pradhānam? so 'sau puruṣe puruṣapratyayaḥ, tasmin sati puruṣasāmānyagrahaṇāt sthāṇau puruṣo .yam iti/ evaṃ nānābhūteṣv ekam iti sāmānyagrahaṇāt pradhāne sati bhavitum arhati/ pradhānaṃ ca sarvasyāgrahaṇād iti nopapadyate/ tasmād abhinna evāyam abhedapratyaya ekam iti/

505 indriyāntaraviṣayeṣv abhedapratyayaḥ pradhānam iti ced, na viśeṣahetvabhāvād dṛṣṭāntāvyavasthā — śrotrādiviṣayeṣu śabdādiṣv abhinneṣv ekapratyayaḥ pradhānam anekasminn ekapratyayasyeti/ evaṃ ca sati dṛṣṭāntopādānaṃ na vyavatiṣṭhate viśeṣahetvabhāvāt/ aṇuṣu saṃśiteṣv ekapratyayaḥ kim atasmiṃs tad iti pratyayaḥ sthāṇau puruṣapratyayavat, athārthasya tathābhāvāt tasmiṃs tad iti pratyayaḥ yathā śabdasyaikatvād ekaḥ śabda iti viśeṣahetuparigrahaṇam antareṇa dṛṣṭāntau saṃśayam āpādayata iti/ kumbhavatsañcayamātraṃ gandhādayo 'pīty anudāharaṇaṃ gandhādaya iti/

507 evaṃ parimāṇasaṃyogaspandajātiviśeṣapratyayān apy anuyoktavyaḥ, teṣu caivaṃ prasaṅga iti/ ekatvabuddhis tasmiṃs tad iti pratyaya iti viśeṣahetur mahad iti pratyayena sāmānādhikaraṇyāt — ekam idaṃ mahac ceti ekaviṣayau pratyayau samānādhikaraṇau bhavataḥ tena vijñāyate yan mahat tad ekam iti/ aṇusamūhātiśayagrahaṇaṃ mahatpratyaya iti cet so .yam amahatsu aṇuṣu mahatpratyayo 'tasmiṃs tad iti pratyayo bhavatīti/ kiṃ cātaḥ? atasmiṃs tad iti pratyayasya pradhānāpekṣitvāt pradhānasiddhir iti bhavitavyaṃ mahaty eva mahatpratyayeneti/

508 aṇuḥ śabdo mahān iti ca vyavasāyāt pradhānasiddhir iti cet, na mandatīvratāgrahaṇam iyattānavadhāraṇāt — yathā dravye aṇuḥ śabdo 'lpo manda ity etasya grahaṇaṃ mahan śabdaḥ paṭus tīvra ity etasya grahaṇam/ kasmāt? iyattānavadhāraṇāt/ na hy ayaṃ mahān śabda iti vyavasyann iyān ayam ity avadhārayati, yathā badarāmalakabilvādīni/

509 saṃyukte ime iti ca dvitvasamānāśrayaprāptigrahaṇam — dvau samudāyāv āśrayaḥ saṃyogasyeti cet ko 'yaṃ samudāyaḥ? prāptir anekasyānekā vā prāptir ekasya samudāya iti cet prāpter agrahaṇaṃ prāptyāśritāyāḥ/ saṃyukte ime vastunī iti nātra dve prāptī saṃyukte gṛhyete/ anekasamūhaḥ samudāya iti cet, na dvitvena samānādhikaraṇasya grahaṇāt/ dvāv imau saṃyuktāv arthāv iti grahaṇe sati nānekasamūhāśrayaḥ saṃyogo gṛhyate/ na ca dvayor aṇvor grahaṇam asti/ tasmān mahatī dvitvāśrayabhūte dravye saṃyogasya sthānam iti/

510 pratyāsattiḥ pratīghātāvasānā saṃyogo nārthāntaram iti cet, nārthāntarahetutvāt saṃyogasya/ śabdarūpādispandānāṃ hetuḥ saṃyogaḥ/ na ca dravyayor guṇāntaropajananam antareṇa śabde rūpādiṣu spande ca kāraṇatvaṃ gṛhyate, tasmād guṇāntaram/ pratyayaviṣayaś cārthāntaraṃ tatpratiṣedho vā, kuṇḍalī gurur akuṇḍalaś chātra iti/ saṃyogabuddheś ca yady arthāntaraṃ na viṣayaḥ arthāntarapratiṣedhas tarhi viṣayaḥ, tatra pratiṣidhyamānavacanam — saṃyukte dravye iti yad arthāntaram anyatra dṛṣṭam iha pratiṣidhyate tadvaktavyam iti/ dvayor mahator āśritasya grahaṇān nāṇvāśraya iti/

511 jātiviśeṣasya pratyayānuvṛttiliṅgasyāpratyākhyānam, pratyākhyāne vā pratyayavyavasthānupapattiḥ/ vyadhikaraṇasyānabhivyakter adhikaraṇavacanam/ aṇusamavasthānaṃ viṣaya iti cet prāptāprāptasāmarthyavacanam — kim aprāpte aṇusamavasthāne tadāśrayo jātiviśeṣo gṛhyate atha prāpte iti/ aprāpte grahaṇam iti cet vyavahitasyāṇusamavasthānasyāpy upalabdhiprasaṅgaḥ, vyavahite 'ṇsamavasthāne tadāśrayo jātiviśeṣo gṛhyeta/ prāpte grahaṇam iti cet,

512 madhyaparabhāgayor aprāptāv anabhivyaktiḥ/ yāvat prāptaṃ bhavati tāvaty abhivyaktir iti cet, tāvato 'dhikaraṇatvam aṇusamavasthānasya/ yāvati prāpte jātiviśeṣe gṛhyate tāvad asyādhikaraṇam iti prāptaṃ bhavati/ tatraikasamudāye pratīyamāne 'rthabhedaḥ/ evaṃ ca sati yo 'yam aṇusamudāyo vṛkṣa iti pratīyate tatra vṛkṣabahutvaṃ pratīyeta, yatra yatra hy aṇusamudāyasya bhāge vṛkṣatvaṃ gṛhyate sa sa vṛkṣa iti/ tasmāt samuditāṇusamavasthānasyārthāntarasya jātiviśeṣābhivyaktiviṣayatvād avayavyarthāntarabhūta iti//39//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 37

514 parīkṣitaṃ pratyakṣam/ anumānam idānīṃ parīkṣyate —

rodhopaghātasādṛśyebhyo vyabhicārād anumānam apramāṇam // 2.1.37 //

apramāṇam iti ekadāpy arthasya na pratipādakam iti/ rodhād api nadī pūrṇā gṛhyate, tadā copariṣṭād vṛṣṭo deva iti mithyānumānam/ nīḍopaghātād api pipīlikāṇḍasañcāro bhavati, tadā ca bhaviṣyati vṛṣṭir iti mithyānumānam iti/ puruṣo 'pi mayūravāśitam anukaroti tadā 'pi śabdasādṛśyān mithyānumānaṃ bhavati//37//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 38

516

naikadeśatrāsasādṛśyebhyo 'rthāntarabhāvāt // 2.1.38 //

nāyam anumānavyabhicāraḥ, ananumāne tu khalv ayam anumānābhimānaḥ/ katham? nāviśiṣṭo liṅgaṃ bhavitum arhati/ pūrvodakaviśiṣṭaṃ khalu varṣodakaṃ śīgrataratvaṃ srātaso bahutaraphenaphalaparṇakāṣṭhādivahanaṃ copalabhamānaḥ pūrṇatvena nadyā upari vṛṣṭo deva ity anuminoti nodakavṛddhimātreṇa/ pipīlikāprāyasyāṇḍasañcāre bhaviṣyati vṛṣṭir ity anumīyate na kāsāñcid iti/ nedaṃ mayūravāśitaṃ tatsadṛśo 'yaṃ śabda iti viśeṣāparijñānān mithyānumānam iti/ yas tu sadṛśād viśiṣṭāc chabdād viśisṭamayūravāśitaṃ gṛhṇāti tasya viśiṣṭo 'rtho gṛhyamāṇo liṅgam, yathā sarpādīnām iti/ so 'yam anumātur aparādho nānumānasya, yo 'rthaviśeṣeṇānumeyam artham aviśiṣṭārthadarśanena bubhutsata iti//38//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 39

517 trikālaviṣayam anumānaṃ traikālyagrahaṇād ity uktam/ ata ca —

vartamānābhāvaḥ patataḥ patitapatitavyakālopapatteḥ // 2.1.39 //

vṛntāt pracyutasya phalasya bhūmau pratyāsīdato yadūrdhvaṃ sa patito 'dhvā tatsaṃyuktaḥ kālaḥ patitakālaḥ, yo 'dhastāt sa patitavyo 'dhvā, tatsaṃyuktaḥ kālaḥ patitavyakālaḥ/ nedānīṃ tṛtīyo 'dhvā vidyate yatra patatīti vartamānaḥ kālo gṛhyeta/ tasmād vartamānaḥ kālo na vidyata iti//39//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 40

520

tayor apy abhāvo vartamānābhāve tadapekṣatvāt // 2.1.40 //

nādhvavyaṅgyaḥ kālaḥ/ kiṃ tarhi? kriyāvyaṅgyaḥ patatīti/ yadā patanakriyā vyuparatā bhavati sa kālaḥ patitakālaḥ/ yadotpatsyate sa patitavyakālaḥ/

521 yadā dravye vartamānā kriyā gṛhyate sa vartamānaḥ kālaḥ/ yadi cāyaṃ dravye vartamānaṃ patanaṃ na gṛhṇāti kasyoparamam utpatsyamānatāṃ vā pratipadyate/ patitaḥ kāla iti bhūtā kriyā, patitavyaḥ kāla iti cotpatsyamānā kriyā, ubhayoḥ kālayoḥ kriyāhīnaṃ dravyam; adhaḥ patatīti kriyāsambaddham/ so 'yaṃ kriyādravyayoḥ sambandhaṃ gṛhṇātīti vartamānaḥ kālaḥ, tadāśrayau cetarau kālau tadahāve na syātām iti//40//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 41

522 athāpi —

nātītānāgatayor itaretarāpekṣā siddhiḥ // 2.1.41 //

yady atītānāgatāv itaretarāpekṣau sidhyetāṃ pratipadyemahi vartamānavilopam/ nātītāpekṣānāgatasiddhiḥ nāpy anāgatāpekṣātītasiddhiḥ/ kayā yuktyā? kena kalpenātītaḥ katham atītāpekṣānāgatasiddhiḥ, kena ca kalpenānāgata iti naitac chakyaṃ nirvaktum avyākaraṇīyam etad vartamānalopa iti/ yac ca manyeta hrasvadīrghayoḥ sthalanimnayoś chāyātapayoś ca yathetaretarāpekṣayā siddhir evam atītānāgatayor iti, tan nopapadyate viśeṣahetvabhāvāt/ dṛṣṭāntavat pratidṛṣṭānto 'pi prasajyate, yathā rūpasparśau gandharasau netaretarāpekṣau siddhyataḥ evam atītānāgatāv iti netaretarāpekṣā kasyacit siddhir iti/

523 yasmād ekābhāve ṇyatarābhāvād ubhayābhāvaḥ — yady ekasyānyatarāpekṣā siddhir anyatarasyedānīṃ kim apekṣā? yady anyatarasyaikāpekṣā siddhir ekasyedānīṃ kim apekṣā? evam ekasyābhāve anyataran na sidhyatīty ubhayābhāvaḥ prasajyate//41//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 42

arthasadbhāvavyaṅgyaś cāyaṃ vartamānaḥ kālaḥ, vidyate dravyaṃ vidyate guṇaḥ vidyate karmeti/ yasya cāyaṃ nāsti, tasya —

vartamānābhāve sarvāgrahaṇaṃ pratyakṣānupapatteḥ // 2.1.42 //

pratyakṣam indriyārthasannikarṣajam, na cāvidyamānam asad indriyeṇa sannikṛṣyate/ nacāyaṃ vidyamānaṃ sat kiñcid anujānāti/ pratyakṣanimittaṃ pratyakṣaviṣayaḥ pratyakṣajñānaṃ sarvaṃ nopapadyate, pratyakṣānupapattau tatpūrvakatvād anumānāgamayor anupapattiḥ/ sarvapramāṇavilope sarvagrahaṇaṃ na bhavatīti//42//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 43

524 ubhayathā ca vartamānaḥ kālo gṛhyate kvacid arthasadbhāvavyaṅgyaḥ yathāsti dravyam iti/ kvacit kriyāsantānavyaṅgyaḥ yathā pacati chinattīti/ nānāvidhā caikārthā kriyā kriyāsantānaḥ kriyābhyāsaś ca/ nānāvidhā caikārthā kriyā pacatīti sthālyadhiśrayaṇam udakāsecanaṃ taṇḍulāvapanam edho'pasarpaṇam agnyabhijvālanaṃ darvīghaṭṭanaṃ maṇḍasrāvaṇam adho'vatāraṇam iti/ chinattīti kriyābhyāsa udyamyodyamya paraśuṃ dāruṇi nipātayan chinattīty ucyate/

525 yac cedaṃ pacyamānaṃ chidyamānaṃ ca tat kriyamāṇam, tasmin kriyamāṇe —

kṛtatākartavyatopapattes tūbhayathā grahaṇam // 2.1.43 //

kriyāsantāno ṇārabdhaś cikīrṣito .āgataḥ kālaḥ pakṣyatīti/ prayojanāvasānaḥ kriyāsantānoparamaḥ atītaḥ kālaḥ apākṣīd iti/

526 ārabdhakriyāsantāno vartamānaḥ kālaḥ pacatīti/ tatra yā uparatā sā kṛtatā/ yā cikīrṣitā sā kartavyatā/ yā vidyamānā sā kriyamāṇatā/ tad evaṃ kriyāsantānasthas traikālyasamāhāraḥ pacati pacyata iti vartamānagrahaṇena gṛhyate, kriyāsantānasya hy atrāvicchedo 'bhidhīyate nārambho noparama iti/ so 'yam ubhayathā vartamāno gṛhyate apavṛkto vyapavṛktaś cātītānāgatābhyām/ sthitivyaṅgyaḥ — vidyate dravyam iti/ kriyāsantānāvicchedābhidhāyī ca traikālyānvitaḥ — pacati chinattīti/ anyaś ca pratyāsattiprabhṛter arthasya vivakṣāyāṃ tadabhidhāyī bahuprakāro lokeṣu utprekṣitavyaḥ/ tasmād asti vartamānaḥ kāla iti//43//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 44

527

atyantaprāyaikadeśasādharmyād upamānasiddhiḥ // 2.1.44 //

atyantasādharmyād upamānaṃ na sidhyati/ na caivaṃ bhavati yathā gaur evaṃ gaur iti/

528 prāyaḥsādharmyād upamānaṃ na sidhyati, na hi bhavati yathānaḍvān evaṃ mahiṣa iti/ ekadeśasādharmyād upamānaṃ na sidhyati, na hi sarveṇa sarvam upamīyata iti//44//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 45

prasiddhasādharmyād upamānasiddher yathoktadoṣānupapattiḥ // 2.1.45 //

na sādharmyasya kṛtsnaprāyālpabhāvam āśrityopamānaṃ pravartate/ kiṃ tarhi?

529 prasiddhasādharmyāt sādhyasādhanabhāvam āśritya pravartate/ yatra caitad asti na tatropamānaṃ pratiṣeddhuṃ śakyam/ tasmād yathoktadoṣo nopapadyata iti//45//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 46

astu tarhy upamānam anumānam —

pratyakṣeṇāpratyakṣasiddheḥ // 2.1.46 //

yathā dhūmena pratyakṣeṇāpratyakṣasya vahner grahaṇam anumānam, evaṃ gavā pratyakṣeṇāpratyakṣasya gavayasya grahaṇam iti nedam anumānād viśiṣyate//46//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 47

530 viśiṣyata ity āha/ kayā yuktyā?

nāpratyakṣe gavaye pramāṇārtham upamānasya paśyāmaḥ // 2.1.47 //

yadā hy ayam upayuktopamāno godarśī gavayasamānam arthaṃ paśyati tadāyaṃ gavaya ity asya saṃjñāśabdasya vyavasthāṃ pratipadyate na caivam anumānam iti/ parārthaṃ copamānam — yasya hy upamānam aprasiddhaṃ tadarthaṃ prasiddhobhayena kriyata iti parārtham upamānam iti cet; na,

531 svayam adhyavasāyāt — bhavati ca bhoḥ svayam adhyavasāyaḥ yathā gaur evaṃ gavaya iti/ nādhyavasāyaḥ pratiṣidhyate upamānaṃ tu tan na bhavati prasiddhasādharmyāt sādhyasādhanam upamānam/ na ca yasyobhayaṃ prasiddhaṃ taṃ prati sādhyasādhanabhāavo vidyata iti//47//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 48

athāpi —

tathety upasaṃhārād upamānasiddher nāviśeṣaḥ // 2.1.48 //

tatheti samānadharmopasaṃhārād upamānaṃ sidhyati nānumānam/ ayaṃ cānayor viśeṣa iti//48//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 49

534

śabdo 'numānam arthasyānupalabdher anumeyatvāt // 2.1.49 //

śabdo 'numānam, na pramāṇāntaram/ kasmāt? śabdārthasyānumeyatvāt/ katham anumeyatvam? pratyakṣato 'nupalabdheḥ/ yathānupalabhyamāno liṅgī mitena liṅgena paścān mīyata iti anumānam/ evaṃ mitena śabdena paścān mīyate artho 'nupalabhyamāna ity anumānaṃ śabdaḥ//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 50

itaś cānumānaṃ śabdaḥ/

upalabdher advipravṛttitvāt // 2.1.50 //

pramāṇāntarabhāve dvipravṛttir upalabdhiḥ, anyathā hy upalabdhir anumāne anyathopamāne tad vyākhyātam/ śabdānumānayos tūpalabdhir advipravṛttiḥ yathānumāne tathā śabde 'pi/ viśeṣābhāvād anumānaṃ śabda iti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 51

535

sambandhāc ca // 2.1.51 //

śabdo 'numānam iti vartate/ sambaddhayoś ca śabdārthayoḥ sambandhaprasiddhau śabdopalabdher arthagrahaṇaṃ yathā sambaddhayor liṅgaliṅinoḥ sambandhapratītau liṅgopalabdhau liṅgigrahaṇam iti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 52

536 yat tāvad arthasyānumeyatvād iti tan na—

āptopadeśasāmarthyāc chabdād arthasampratyayaḥ // 2.1.52 //

svargaḥ apsarasaḥ uttarāḥ kuravaḥ sapta dvīpāḥ samudro lokasanniveśa ity evamāder apratyakṣasyārthasya ca śabdamātrāt pratyayaḥ, kiṃ tarhi? āptair ayam uktāḥ śabda ity ataḥ sampratyayaḥ viparyayeṇa sampratyayābhāvāt; na tv evam anumānam iti/

538 yat punar upalabdher advipravṛttitvād iti, ayam eva śabdānumānayor upalabdheḥ pravṛttibhedaḥ; tatra viśeṣe saty ahetur viśeṣābhāvād iti/

539 yat punar idaṃ sambandhāc ceti, asti ca śabdārthayoḥ sambandho 'nujñātaḥ, asti ca pratiṣiddhaḥ/ asyedam iti ṣaṣṭhīviśiṣṭasya vākyasyārthaviśeṣo 'nujñātaḥ, prāptilakṣaṇas tu śabdārthayoḥ sambandhaḥ pratiṣiddhaḥ/ kasmāt? pramāṇato 'nupalabdheḥ—pratyakṣatas tāvac chabdārthaprāpter nopalabdhir atīndriyatvāt/ yenendriyeṇa gṛhyate śabdas tasya viṣayabhāvam ativṛtto 'rtho na gṛhyate/ asti cātīndriyaviṣayabhūto 'py arthaḥ samānena cendriyeṇa gṛhyamāṇayoḥ prāptir gṛhyata iti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 53

540

pūraṇapradāhapāṭanānupalabdheś ca sambandhābhāvaḥ // 2.1.53 //

prāptilakṣaṇe ca gṛhyamāṇe sambandhe śabdārthayoḥ śabdāntike vārthaḥ syāt, arthāntike vā śabdaḥ syāt, ubhayaṃ vobhayatra/ atha khalv ubhayam? sthānakaraṇābhāvād iti cārthaḥ/ na cāyam anumānato 'py upalabhyate śabdāntike 'rtha iti/ etasmin pakṣe 'py āsyasthānakaraṇoccāraṇīyaḥ śabdas tadantike 'rtha ity annāgnyasiśabdoccāraṇe pūraṇapāhapāṭanāni gṛhyeran, na ca gṛhyante; agrahaṇāt nānumeyaḥ prāptilakṣaṇaḥ sambandhaḥ/

541 arthāntike śabda iti sthānakaraṇāsambhavād anuccāraṇam—sthānaṃ kaṇṭhādayaḥ, karaṇaṃ prayatnaviśeṣaḥ, tasyārthāntike 'nupapattir iti/ ubhayapratiṣedhāc ca nobhayam/ tasmān na śabdenārthaḥ prāpta iti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 54

542

śabdārthavyavasthānād apratiṣedhaḥ // 2.1.54 //

śabdād arthapratyayasya vyavasthādarśanād anumīyata asti śabdārthasambandho vyavasthākāraṇam/ asambandhe hi śabdamātrād arthamātre pratyayaprasaṅgaḥ/ tasmād apratiṣedhaḥ sambandhasyeti//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 55

543 atra samādhiḥ—

na sāmāyikatvāc chabdārthasampratyayasya // 2.1.55 //

na sambandhakāritaṃ śabdārthavyavasthānam/ kiṃ tarhi? samayakāritam/ yat tad avocāma asyedam iti ṣaṣṭhīviśiṣṭasya vākyasyārthaviśeṣo 'nujñātaḥ śabdārthayoḥ sambandha iti samayaṃ tam avocāma iti/ kaḥ punar ayaṃ samayaḥ? asya śabdasyedam arthajātam abhidheyam ity abhidhānābhidheyaniyamaniyogaḥ/ tasminn upayukte śabdād arthasampratyayo bhavati/ viparyaye hi śabdaśravaṇa 'pi pratyayābhāvaḥ/ sambandhavādino 'pi cāyam avarjanīya iti/

544 prayujyamānagrahaṇāc ca samayopayogo laukikānām/ samayaparipālanārthaṃ cedaṃ padalakṣaṇāyā vācānvākhyānaṃ vyākaraṇam vākyalakṣaṇāyā vāco 'rthalakṣaṇam,

545 padasamūho vākyam arthaparisamāprāv iti/ tad evaṃ prāptilakṣaṇasya śabdārthasambandhasyārthatuṣo 'pi anumānahetur na bhavatīti//55//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 56

446 (546)

jātiviśeṣe cāniyamāt // 2.1.56 //

sāmāyikaḥ śabdād arthasampratyayo na svābhāvikaḥ/ ṛṣyāryamlecchānāṃ yathākāmaṃ śabdaviniyogo 'rthapratyāyanāya pravartate/ svābhāvike hi śabdasyārthapratyāyakatve yathākāmaṃ na syād yathā taijasasya prakāśasya rūpapratyayahetutvaṃ na jātiviśeṣe vyabhicaratīti//56//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 57

547 putrakāmeṣṭihavanābhyāseṣu—

tadaprāmāṇyam anṛtavyāghātapunaruktadoṣebhyaḥ // 2.1.57 //

tasyeti śabdaviśeṣam evādhikurute bhagavān ṛṣiḥ/ śabdasya pramāṇatvaṃ na sambhavati/ kasmāt? anṛtadoṣāt—putrakameṣṭau putrakāmaḥ putreṣṭyā yajeta iti; neṣṭau saṃsthitāyāṃ putrajanma dṛśyate/ dṛṣṭārthasya vākyasyānṛtatvād adṛṣṭārtham api vākyam agnihotraṃ juhuyāt svargakāma ityādy anṛtam iti jñāyate/

548 vihitavyāghātadoṣāc ca, havane udite hotavyam anudite hotavyam samayādhyuṣite hotavyam iti vidhāya vihitaṃ vyāhanti—śyāvo 'syāhutim abhyavaharati ya udite juhoti, śabalo 'syāhutim abhyavaharati yo 'nudite juhoti śyāvaśabalau vāsyāhutim abhyavaharato yaḥ samayādhyuṣite juhoti/ vyāghātāc cānyataran mithyeti/

549 punaruktadoṣāc ca, abhyāse deśyamāne triḥ prathamām anvāha trir uttamām iti punaruktadoṣo bhavati/ punaruktaṃ ca pramattavākyam iti/ tasmād apramāṇaṃ śabdo 'nṛtavyāghātapunaruktadoṣebhya iti//57//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 58

550

na karmakartṛsādhanavaiguṇyāt // 2.1.58 //

nānṛtadoṣaḥ putrakāmeṣṭiau/ kasmāt? karmakartṛsādhanavaiguṇyāt/ iṣṭyā pitarau saṃyujyamānau putraṃ janayata iti/ iṣṭeḥ karaṇaṃ sādhanam, pitarau kartārau, saṃyogaḥ karma, trayāṇāṃ guṇayogāt putrajanma, vaiguṇyād viparyayaḥ/ iṣṭyāśrayaṃ tāvad karmavaiguṇyaṃ samīhābhreṣaḥ, kartṛvaiguṇyam avidvān prayoktā kapūyācaraṇaś ca/

551 sādhanavaiguṇyaṃ havir asaṃkṛtam upahatam iti, mantrā nyūnādhikāḥ svaravarṇahīnā iti, dakṣiṇā durāgatā hīnā ninditā ceti/ athopajanāśrayaṃ karmavaiguṇyaṃ mithyāsamprayogaḥ, kartṛvaiguṇyaṃ yonivyāpado bījopaghātaś ceti/ sādhanavaiguṇyam iṣṭāv abhihitam/ loke ca agnikāmo dāruṇī mathnīyāt iti vidhivākyam, tatra karmavaiguṇyaṃ mithyābhimanthanam, kartṛvaiguṇyaṃ prajñāprayatnataḥ pramādaḥ, sādhanavaiguṇyam ārdraṃ suṣiraṃ dāviti, tatra phalaṃ na niṣpadyata iti nānṛtadoṣaḥ, guṇayogena phalaniṣpattidarśanāt/ na cedaṃ laukikād bhidyate putrakāmaḥ putreṣṭyā yajeta iti//58//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 59

553

abhyupetya kālabhede doṣavacanāt // 2.1.59 //

na vyāghāto havana ity anuvartate/ yo 'bhyupagataṃ havanakālaṃ bhinatti tato 'nyatra juhoti tatrāyam abhyupagatakālabhede doṣa ucyate śyāvo 'syāhutim abhyavaharati ya udite juhoti/ tad idaṃ vidhibhreṣe nindāvacanam iti//59//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 60

554

anuvādopapatteś ca // 2.1.60 //

punaruktadoṣo 'bhyāse neti prakṛtam/ anarthako 'bhyāsaḥ punaruktam, arthavān abhyāso 'nuvādaḥ/ yo 'yam abhyāsaḥ triḥ prathamām anvāha trir uttamām ity anuvāda upapadyate arthavattvāt/ trirvacanena hi prathamottamayoḥ pañcadaśatvaṃ sāmidhenīnāṃ bhavati/

555 tathā ca mantrābhivādaḥ idam ahaṃ bhrātṛvyaṃ pañcadaśāvareṇa vāgvajreṇāvabodhe yo 'smān dveṣṭi yaṃ ca vayaṃ dviṣma iti pañcadaśa sāmidhenīr vajramantro 'bhivadati tad abhyāsam antareṇa na syād iti//60//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 61

556

vākyavibhāgasya cārthagrahaṇāt // 2.1.61 //

pramāṇaṃ śabdo yathā loke//61//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 62

vibhāgaś ca brāhmaṇavākyānāṃ trividhaḥ—

vidhyarthavādānuvādavacanaviniyogāt // 2.1.62 //

tridhā khalu brāhmaṇavākyāni viniyuktāni—vidhivacanāny arthavādavacanāni anuvādavacanānīti//62//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 63

557 tatra—

vidhir vidhāyakaḥ // yad vākyaṃ vidhāyakaṃ codakaṃ sa vidhiḥ/ vidhis tu niyogo 'nujñā vā/ yathā agnihotraṃ juhuyāt svargakāmaḥ ityādi // 2.1.63 //

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 64

559

stutir nindā parakṛtiḥ purākalpa ity arthavādaḥ // 2.1.64 //

vidheḥ phalavādalakṣaṇā yā praśaṃsā sā stutiḥ sampratyayārthā, stūyamānaṃ śraddadhīteti, pravartikā ca, phalaśravaṇāt pravartate—sarvajitā vai devāḥ sarvam ajayan sarvasyāptyai sarvasya jityai sarvam evaitenāptenāpnoti sarvaṃ jayati iti evamādi/ aniṣṭaphalavādo nindā varjanārthā ninditaṃ na samācared iti

560 sa eṣa vāva prathamo yajño yajñānāṃ yaj jotiṣṭomo ya etenādiṣṭvānyana yajate garttapatyam eva taj jīyate vā pramīyate vā ity evamādiḥ/ anyakartṛkasya vyāhatasya vidher vādaḥ parakṛtiḥ hutvā vapām evāgre 'bhighārayanti atha pṛṣad ājyaṃ taduha carakādhvaryavaḥ pṛṣadājyam evāgre 'bhidhārayanti agneḥ prāṇāḥ pṛṣadājyastomam ity evam abhidadhati ity evamādi/ aitihyasamācarito vidhiḥ purākalpa iti/ ``tasmād vā etena brāhmaṇā bahiṣ pavamānaṃ sāmastomama stoṣan yone yajñaṃ pratanavāmahe ity evamādi/ kathaṃ purākṛtipurākalpāv arthavādāv iti? stutinindāvākyenābhisambandhād vidhyāśrayasya kasyacid arthasya dyotanād arthavāda iti//64//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 65

561

vidhivihitasyānuvacanam anuvādaḥ // 2.1.65 //

vidhyanuvacanaṃ cānuvādo vihitānuvacanaṃ ca/ pūrvaḥ śabdānuvādo 'paro 'rthānuvādaḥ/ yathā punaruktaṃ dvividham evam anuvādo 'pi/ kimarthaṃ punar vihitam anūdyate? adhikārārtham; vihitam adhikṛtya stutir bodhyate nindā vā, vidhiśeṣo vābhidhīyate/

562 vihitānantarārtho 'pi cānuvādā bhavati/ evam anyad apy utprekṣaṇīyam/ loke 'pi ca vidhir arthavādo 'nuvāda iti ca trividhaṃ vākyam/ odanaṃ paced iti vidhivākyam/ arthavādavākyam—āyurvarco balaṃ sukhaṃ pratibhānaṃ cānne pratiṣṭhitam/ anuvādaḥ—pacatu pacatu bhavān ity abhyāsaḥ, kṣipraṃ pacyatām iti vā; aṅga pacyatām ity adhyeṣaṇārtham, pacyatām eveti cāvadhāraṇārtham/ yathā laukike vākye vibhāgenārthagrahaṇāt pramāṇatvam evam vedavākyānām api vibhāgenārthagrahaṇāt pramāṇatvaṃ bhavitum arhatīti//65//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 66

563

nānuvādapunaruktayor viśeṣaḥ śabdābhyāsopapatteḥ // 2.1.66 //

punaruktam asādhu sādhur anuvāda iti ayaṃ viśeṣo nopapadyate/ kasmāt? ubhayatra hi pratītārthaḥ śabdo 'bhyasyate caritārthasya śabdasyābhyāsād ubhayam asādhv iti//66//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 67

śīghrataragamanopadeśavad abhyāsān nāviśeṣaḥ // 2.1.67 //

nānuvādapunaruktayor aviśeṣaḥ/ kasmāt? arthavato 'bhyāsasyānuvādabhāvāt/ arthavān abhyāso 'nuvādaḥ, śīghrataragamanopadeśavat/ śīghraṃ śīghraṃ gamyatām iti kriyātiśayo 'bhyāsenaivocyate/

564 udāharaṇārthaṃ cedam/ evam anyo 'py abhyāsaḥ pacati pacatīti kriyānuparamaḥ/ grāmo grāmo ramanīya iti vyāptiḥ/ pari pari trigartebhyo vṛṣṭo deva iti parivarjanam/ adhy adhi kuḍyaṃ niṣaṇṇam iti sāmīpyam/ tiktaṃ tiktam iti prakāraḥ/ evam anuvādasya stutinindāśeṣavidhiṣv adhikārārthatā vihitānantarārthatā ceti//67//

Adhyāya 2, Āhnika 1, Sūtra 68

kiṃ punaḥ pratiṣedhahetūddhārād eva śabdasya pramāṇatvaṃ sidhyati? na, ataś ca—

565

mantrāyurvedaprāmāṇyavac ca tatprāmāṇyam āptaprāmāṇyāt // 2.1.68 //

kiṃ punar āyurvedasya prāmāṇyam? yat tad āyurvedenopadiśyate idaṃ kṛtveṣṭam adhigacchati, idaṃ varjayitvāniṣṭaṃ jahāti, tasyānuṣṭhīyamānasya tathābhāvaḥ satyārthatāviparyayaḥ/ mantrapadānāṃ ca viṣayabhūtāśanipratiṣedhārthānāṃ prayoge 'rthasya tathābhāva etatprāmāṇyam/ kiṃkṛtam etat? āptaprāmāṇyakṛtam/ kiṃ punar āptānāṃ prāmāṇyam? sākṣātkṛtadharmatā bhūtadayā yathābhūtārthacikhyāpayiṣeti/

566 āptāḥ khalu sākṣātkṛtadharmāṇaḥ idaṃ hātavyam idam asya hānihetur idam asyādhigantavyam idam asyādhigamahetuḥ iti bhūtāny anukampante/ teṣāṃ khalu vai prāṇabhṛtāṃ svayam anavabudhyamānānāṃ nānyad upadeśād avabodhakāraṇam asti/%vai prāṇabhṛtāṃ svayam anavabudhyamānānāṃ nānyad upadeśād avabodhakāraṇam asti/] 567 na cānavabodhe samīhā varjanaṃ vā, na vākṛtvā svastibhāvaḥ, nāpy asyānya upakārako 'py asti/ hanta vayam ebhyo yathādarśanaṃ yathābhūtam upadiśyāmaḥ ta ime śrutvā pratipadyamānā heyaṃ hāsyanty adhigantavyam evādhigamiṣyantīti/ evam āptopadeśaḥ etena trividhenāptaprāmāṇyena parigṛhīto 'nuṣṭhīyamāno 'rthasya sādhako bhavati; evam āptopadeśaḥ pramāṇam/ evam āptāḥ pramāṇam/ dṛṣṭārthenāptopadeśenāyurvedenādṛṣṭārtho vedabhāgo 'numātavyaḥ pramāṇam ity āptaprāmāṇyasya hetoḥ samānatvād iti/ asyāpi caikadeśo grāmakāmo yajeta ity evamādir dṛṣṭārthaḥ, tenānumātavyam iti/ loke ca bhūyān upadeśāśrayo vyavahāraḥ/ laukikasyāpy upadeṣṭur upadeṣṭavyārthajñānena parānujighṛkṣayā yathābhūtārthacikhyāpayiṣayā ca prāmāṇyam,

568 tatparigrahād āptopadeśaḥ pramāṇam iti/ draṣṭṛpravaktṛsāmānyāc cānumānam/ ya evāptā vedārthānāṃ draṣṭāraḥ pravaktāraś ca ta evāyurvedaprabhṛtīnām ity āyurvedaprāmāṇyavad vedaprāmāṇyam anumātavyam iti/ nityatvād vedavākyānāṃ pramāṇatve tatprāmāṇyam āptaprāmāṇyād ity ayuktam/ śabdasya vācakatvād arthapratipattau pramāṇatvaṃ na nityatvād/ nityatve hi sarvasya sarveṇa vacanāc chabdārthavyavasthānupapattiḥ/ nānityatve vācakatvam iti ced na, laukikeṣv adarśanāt/ te 'pi nityā iti cet na, anāptopadeśād arthavisaṃvādo 'nupapannaḥ/ nityatvād dhi śabdaḥ pramāṇam iti/

569 anityaḥ sa iti cet? aviśeṣavacanam/ anāptopadeśo laukiko na nitya iti kāraṇaṃ vācyam iti/ yathāyogaṃ cārthasya pratyāyanād nāmadheyaśabdānāṃ loke prāmāṇyaṃ nityatvāt prāmāṇyānupapattiḥ/ yatrārthe nāmadheyaśabdo niyujyate loke tasya niyogasāmarthyāt pratyāyako bhavati, na nityatvāt/ manvantarayugāntantareṣu cātītānāgateṣu sampradāyābhyāsaprayogāvicchedo vedānāṃ nityatvam,

570 āptaprāmāṇyāc ca prāmāṇyam; laukikeṣu śabdeṣu caitat samānam iti//68//

iti vātsyāyanīye nyāyābhāṣye dvitīyādhyāyasyādyam āhnikam/

572