tad etad durmativispanditaṃ jagadandhīkaraṇaṃ na satām upekṣitum ucitam iti kiñcid ucyate | iha khalu buddhimatkāryamātrayoḥ sādhyasādhanayoḥ sarvopasaṃhāravatī vyāptis tāvad avaśyaṃ grahītavyā | anyathā gamyagamakabhāvāyogāt | sā ca gṛhyamāṇā kiṃ kāraṇakāryamātrayor iva viparyayabā
dhakapramāṇabalāt grāhyā | yad vā 'gnidhūmayor iva viśiṣṭānvayavyatirekagrahaṇapravaṇaviśiṣṭapratyakṣānupalambhābhyāṃ boddhavyā | uta svavyavasthayā sapakṣāsapakṣayor bhūyor darśanādarśanābhyāṃ pratyetavyā | āhosvit sapakṣāsapakṣayoḥ sakṛddarśanābhyāṃ jñātavyeti catvāro vikalpāḥ |

na tāvad ādyaḥ pakṣaḥ, sādhyaviparyaye buddhimadabhāve kāryatvasāmānyasya sādhanasya bādhakapramāṇābhāvāt. nanu bādhakapramāṇābhāvo 'siddhaḥ. tathā hīdaṃ kāryatvaṃ yathā buddhimatā vyāptam iṣyate tathā deśakālasvabhāvaniyatatvenāpi, kadācikakāraṇasannidhimattayāpi, sāmagrīkāryatvenāpi vyāptam upalabdham | sa ca deśādiniyamaḥ kādācitkakāraṇasanndhiḥ sāmagrī vā buddhimatpūrvikā siddhā | yadi punar acetanāni cetanānadhiṣṭhatāni kāryaṃ kuryuḥ tato yatra kvacanāvasthitāni janayeyur iti na deśakālasvabhāvaniyataprasavaṃ kāryam upalabhyeta |

hetusamavadhānajanmatayā na kāryaṃ pratyekaṃ kāraṇair janyata iti cet | samavadhānam eva tu kāraṇānāṃ kutaḥ | kādācitkaparipākādadṛṣṭaviśeṣād iti cet | nanv ayam acetanaḥ kathaṃ yathāvat kāraṇāni sannidhāpayet | no khalu kvacid avasthitāni daṇḍādīni vinā kumbhakāraprayatnam adṛṣṭaviśeṣavaśād eva parasparaṃ sannidhīyante | sannihitāni vā kāryāya prabhavantīti buddhimatā deśakālasvabhāvaniyamasya kādācitkakāraṇasannidheḥ sāmagryāś ca vyāptisiddhiḥ | buddhimadabhāve caiṣāṃ vyāpakānāṃ nivṛttau nivartamānaṃ kāryatvaṃ buddhimatpūrvakatvena vyāpyata iti pratibandhasiddhaye vyāpakā
nupalambhatrayam upanyastam | tathā na kāryaṃ buddhimatparityāgād ahetukam eva bhavatīti sambhāvyam, deśakālasvabhavaniyamābhāvaprasaṅgāt | nāpi buddhimato 'nyasmād eva bhavatīti śaṅkanīyam, sakṛd apy utpādābhāvaprasaṅgāt | na cānyasmād asmād api bhavatīti sambhāvyam, aniyatahetutve 'hetutvaprasaṅgāt | tathā buddhimantam antareṇāce
tanena karaṇe sarvadā kriyāyā avirāmaprasaṅgaś cety api viparyayabādhakam atiprasaṅgacatuṣṭayaṃ vyāptiprasādhakam iti | kāryatvasya hetupūrvakatvam iva buddhimatpūrvakatvam apy avāryam iti cet |

atrocyate | sidhyaty evedaṃ manorājyaṃ yadi deśakālasvabhāvaniyamasya kādācitkakāraṇasannidheḥ samagryāś ca buddhimatpūrvakatvena vyāptiḥ sidhyati | kevalam etad eva durāpam | buddhimadabhāve 'pi hi svahetubalasamutpannasannidheḥ pratiniyatadeśakālaśaktinācetanenāpi sāmagrīlakṣaṇakāraṇaviśeṣeṇa kriyamāṇāni deśakālasvabhāvaniyamakādcitkakāraṇasannidhisāmagrīkāryatvāni yujyanta iti sandigdhāsiddhā vyāpakānupalabdhayaḥ ||

buddhimadabhāve samavadhānam eva kuta iti cet | tad api cetanānadhiṣṭhitayathoktācetanasāmagrīviśeṣād eva | so 'pi tādṛśād ity anādyacetanasāmagrīparamparāto 'pi deśādiniyamasambhāvanāyāṃ nāvaśyaṃ buddhimadapekṣā | ghaṭāder deśakālasvabhāvaniyamaḥ kādācitkakāraṇasannidhiś ca, sāmagrī ca buddhimatpūrvikā dṛṣṭā ity aparopi deśakālasvabhāvaniyamādis tathaiveti cet | yady evaṃ ghaṭādikam api kāryaṃ bahuśo buddhimatpūrvakam upalabdham iti sarvam eva kāryaṃ tathāstu, kim anena vyāpakānupalambhopanyāsadurvyasanena | ghaṭāder bahuśo buddhimatpūrvakatvadarśane 'pi na sarvatra kāryamātrasya tathābhāvaniścayaś cet | deśādiniyamādīnām apīdaṃ samānam iti katham atrāpi śaṅkāvyudāsaḥ ||

astu tadā pratyakṣam eva sarvatra vyāptigrāhakam iti cet | na tarhi viparyayabādhakapramāṇabalād vyāptigrahanirvāhaḥ | pratyakṣaṃ ca tatrāśaktam iti dvitīyavikalpāvasare nivedayiṣyate | tathāsiddhe kāryakāraṇabhāve dhūmasyāhetukotpattāv anyasmād evotpattāv anyasmād apy utpattau sambhāvyamānāyāṃ deśādiniyamābhāvasakṛdutpādābhāvāhetutvaprasaṅgāḥ saṅgacchante | prastute tu buddhimatkāryamātrayoḥ kāryakāraṇabhāvo nādyāpi siddhaḥ | sādhayituṃ vā śakyaḥ | na cācetanasya kartṛtve kriyāyā 42 avirāmaprasaṅgaḥ saṅgataḥ | na hy acetanam ity eva sarvadā sāmarthyayogi, tasyāpi svahetuparamparāpratibaddhasāmarthyatvād ity acetanakāraṇaviśeṣaparamparāsambhāvanāyāṃ nāvaśyaṃ buddhimadākṣepa iti svamatavyālopaviklavavikrośitamātram evedaṃ na punar atra nyāyagandho 'pi |

tad evaṃ vyāptisādhanārtham upanyastaṃ vyāpakānupalambhatrayaṃ sandigdhāsiddham atiprasaṅgatucaṣṭayaṃ ca buddhimatkāryamātrayor vyāptyasiddhāv asaṅgatam | ataḥ kāryatvaṃ sādhanaṃ sandigdhavipakṣavyāvṛttikatvād anaikāntikam ||

atra Vācaspatiḥ prāha: sandigdhavipakṣavyāvṛttikatvaṃ nāma hetudoṣa eva na bhavati | tat kathaṃ nirasyate | tathā hi ya eva vipakṣe dṛṣṭo hetuḥ sa eva prameyatvādivad abhimataṃ na sādhyet | yas tu mahatāpi prayatnena mṛgyamāṇo 'sapakṣe nopalakṣitaḥ sa kathaṃ sādhyaṃ na sādhayet |

avaśyaṃ śaṅkayā bhāvyaṃ niyāmakam apaśyatām |
iti tu dattāvakāśā laukikam aryādātikrameṇa saṃśayapiśācī labdhaprasarā na kvacin nāstīti nāyaṃ kvacit pravarte
ta | sarvasyaivārthasya kathañcic chaṅkāspadatvadarśanāt | anarthaśaṅkāyāś ca prekṣāvatāṃ nivṛttyaṅgatvāt | antataḥ snigdhānnapānopayoge 'pi maraṇadarśanāt | tasmāt prāmāṇikalokayātrām anupālayatā yathādarśanaṃ śaṅkanīyam, na tv adṛṣṭam api | viśeṣasmṛtyapekṣo hi saṃśayo nāsmṛter bhavati | na ca smṛtir ananubhūtacare bhavati |

tad uktaṃ mīmāṃsāvārttikakṛ24a tā adhyuṣṭasahasrikāyām:

nāśaṅkā niḥpramāṇiketi |
37

tathā tenaiva Bṛhaṭṭīkāyām:

utprekṣeta hi yo mohād ajātam api bādhakam |
sa sarvavyavahāreṣu saṃśayātmā kṣayaṃ vrajet || iti | 38

tad etat pralāpamātram | na hi mahatāpi prayatnena vipakṣe mṛgyamāṇasya hetor adarśanamātreṇa vyatirekaḥ sidhyati | tathā hi vipakṣe hetur nopalabhyata ity anena tadupalambhakapramāṇanivṛttir ucyate |
pramāṇaṃ ca prameyasya kāryam, nākāraṇaṃ viṣaya iti nyāyāt | na ca kāryanivṛttau kāraṇanivṛttir upalabdhā, nirdhūmasyāpi vahner upalambhāt | yadi punaḥ pramāṇasattayā prameyasattā vyāptā syāt, tadā yuktam etat | kevalam iyam eva vyāptir asambhavinī, sarvasya sarvadarśitvaprasaṅgāt | tan nādarśanamātreṇa vyatirekasiddhiḥ | yathoktam:

sarvādṛṣṭiś ca sandigdhā svādṛṣṭir vyabhicāriṇī |
vindhyādrirandhradūrvāder adṛṣṭāv api sattvataḥ || iti 39
sakalavipakṣasyārvācīnaṃ praty adṛśyatvāt ||

yac coktam: saṃśayapiśācī labdhaprasarā na kvacin nāstīti na kvacit pravarteteti | tad asaṅgatam | arthasaṃśayasyāpi prekṣāvatāṃ pravṛttyaṅgatvāt pravṛttir avirodhiny eva | anarthasandehaḥ sarvatra kartuṃ śakyate | antataḥ snigdhānnapānopayoge 'pi maraṇadarśanād apravṛttir iti cet | durjñānam etat | tathā hy arthasandeho 'narthasandeho veti nāyaṃ ṣaṣṭhīsamāsaḥ | kin tv arthonmukhaḥ sandeho 'rthasandehaḥ, anarthonmukhaḥ sandeho 'narthasandeha iti śākapārthivādivanmadhyapadalopī samāsaḥ | evaṃ sati snigdhānnapānādāv arthasandeha eva, tajjātīyasya svapara
santāne dṛṣṭipuṣṭyādyarthasya koṭiśaḥ karaṇadarśanāt, maraṇāder anarthsya kvacit kadācid darśanāt | etadviparīto 'narthasandeho draṣṭavyaḥ | tasmāt pramāṇādivārthasaṃśayād api prekṣāvatāṃ tatra tatra pravṛttir durvāraiva ||

yad apīdaṃ lapitaṃ yathādarśanaṃ śaṅkanīyaṃ nādṛṣṭapūrvam api viśeṣasmṛtyapekṣo hi saṃśaya ityādi | tad asambaddhaṃ | sādhakabādhakapramāṇābhāvād eva paryudāsavṛttyā vastvantararūpāt sarvatra saṃśayotpatteḥ | kiṃ ca viśeṣasmṛtyapekṣa evāyaṃ saṃśayaḥ | tathā hi lakṣaṇayogitvāyogitvābhyām eva tajjātīyātajjātīye vaktavye | anyathā lakṣaṇapraṇayanam anarthakaṃ syāt | evaṃ ca sati tādātmyatadutpattilakṣaṇapratibandhaviyogitvena sādhāraṇena dharmeṇa prameyatvadhūmatvakārya24b tvādīnāṃ tvanmatena sajātīyatvāt prameyatvavyabhicāradarśanam eva śaṅkām upasthāpayatīti yathādarśanam evedam āśaṅkitam |

yaś ca Kumārilasya sākṣitvenopanyāsaḥ sa khalu

dadhibhāṇḍe viḍālaḥ sākṣīti
pravādaṃ nātipatatīti kim atra vaktavyam | tad evaṃ vipakṣe 'darśanamātreṇa hetor vyatirekāsiddheḥ sandigdhavipakṣavyāvṛttikatvaṃ nāma hetudūṣaṇaṃ durvāram eva | ata evā
syopanyāso 'doṣodbhāvanaṃ nāma nigrahasthānam iti yad anenāveditaṃ tad api sāvadyam | pratyutāsmin hetoḥ saddūṣaṇe parihartavye nāyaṃ hetudoṣo 'to na parihartavyo 'sya copanyāso 'doṣodbhāvanaṃ nāma nigrahasthānam iti bruvann ayam eva tapasvī svamatena niranuyojyānuyogalakṣaṇena nigrahasthānena nigṛhyata iti kṛpām arhati | tad evaṃ viparyayabādhakapramāṇābhāvād avyāpter asiddheḥ sandigdhavipakṣavyāvṛttikatvād anaikāntikaḥ kāryatvalakṣaṇo hetuḥ ||

athāgnidhūmayor iva viśiṣṭānvayavyatirekagrahaṇapravaṇaviśiṣṭapratyakṣānupalambhābhyāṃ vyaptir niścīyata iti dvitīyaḥ pakṣaḥ | atrocyate | kiṃ dṛśyaśarīropādhinā buddhimanmātreṇa vyāptigṛhyate, āhosvit dṛśyaśarīropādhividhureṇa dṛśyādṛśyasādhāraṇeneti vikalpau | yady ādyaḥ pakṣah, tadā tathābhūtasādhyam antareṇāpy utpadyamāne viṭapādau kāryatvadarśanāt prameyatvādivat sādhāraṇānaikāntiko hetuḥ |

nanu vṛkṣādayaḥ pakṣīkṛtāḥ | kathaṃ tair vyabhicāraḥ | trividho hi bhāvarāśiḥ | sandigdhakartṛko yathā vṛkṣādiḥ | prasiddhakartṛko yathā ghaṭādiḥ | akartṛko yathā ākāśādiḥ | tatra prasiddhakartṛke ghaṭādau pratyakṣānupalambhābhyāṃ vyāptim ādāya sandehapade kṣmāruhādau kāryatvam upasaṃhṛtya buddhimān anumīyate | na punar asu vyabhicāraviṣayo bhavitum arhati | yad āha: na sādhyenaiva vyabhicāra iti | ayuktam etat | na hi vyabhicāraviṣaya eva pakṣe bhavitum arhati:

sandigdhe hetuvacanād vyasto hetor anāśrayaḥ40

iti nyāyāt | vyabhicāraviṣayatā ca dṛśyaśarīropādher buddhimanmātrasya tṛṇādyutpattau dṛśyānupalambhena pratikṣiptatvāt | tataś ca kṣmādharādir eva sandigdhakartṛkaḥ pakṣīkartum ucitaḥ kṣmāruhādis tv acetanakartṛka iti caturtho bhavarāśir neṣṭavyaḥ | atha vyabhicāracamatkārāttrividhabhāvarāśivyavasthāpanārthaṃ ca viṭapādau pratyakṣāpratikṣiptena dṛśyādṛśyasādhāraṇena buddhimanmātreṇa vyāptir avagamyata iti dvitīyaḥ saṅkalpaḥ | tadā viṭapādau buddhimanmātrasya sambhāvyamānatvād na sādhāraṇānaikāntikatāṃ brūmaḥ | kiṃ tarhi vyāptigrahaṇakāle dṛśyādṛśyasādhāraṇasya buddhimanmātrasya sādhyasyādṛśyatayā dṛśyānupalambhena vyatirekāsiddher vyāpter abhāvat sandigdhavyāvṛttikatvam ācakṣmahe | tathā hi | yadā kumbhakāravyāpārāt pūrvaṃ kumbhasya vyatirekaḥ pratyetavyas tadā na sādhyābhāvakṛto ghaṭavyatirekaḥ pratyetuṃ śakyaḥ | yathā hi viṭapādijanmasamaye buddhimanmātrāsyādṛśyatvena niṣeddhum aśakyatvāt sattāsambhāvanā tathā ghaṭādāv api vyatirekaniścayakāle buddhimanmātrasyādṛśyatvāt sattvasambhāvanāyāṃ sādhyābhāvaprayuktasya sādhanābhāvasyāsiddhatvena vyāpter abhāvāt kathaṃ na sandigdhavyatireko hetuḥ |

yaccokta yathā kāryaṃ ca syān nirupādānāṃ ceti nāśaṅkanīyam, tathā kāryaṃ ca bhaved akartṛkaṃ ceti nāśaṅkanīyam iti, tatrāpi kāryaṃ ca syān nirupādānaṃ ca bhaved iti na vaktavyam iti kenaivaṃ pratārito 'si | yadi hy atra pratyakṣānupalambhābhyāṃ vyāptir gṛhyate tadā katham upādānapūrvakaṃ kāryamātraṃ sidhyati | vyāptigrahaṇaprakārāntaraṃ ca tvayāpi nopanyastam | dṛśyādṛśyasādhāraṇayor upādānakāryamātrayor dṛśyaviṣayābhyāṃ pratyakṣānupalambhābhyāṃ vyāpter abhyūhitum aśakyatvāt | svamatavyālopaprasaṅgas tu pramāṇacintāvasare 'prāptāvakāśaḥ | viparyayabādhakapramāṇabalād vātra vyāptisiddhiḥ | tathā hi yathāṅkurādikaṃ kāryaṃ niyatadeśakālasvabhāvatvena vyāptaṃ tathā śālitvādināpi jātibhedena vyāptam upalabdham | tataś cānupādānapūrvakatvād vipakṣātmanaḥ śālitvādijātibhedasya vyāpakasya nivṛttau nivartamānaṃ kāryatvam upādānapūrvakatve viśrāmyat tena vyāptaṃ sidhyati | na cānupādānenāpi kriyamāṇaḥ śālitvādijātibhedo yujyate, upādānaṃ vinā kṛtād anupādānād eva kevalād ekajātīyakāraṇāt tadatajjātīyakāryotpattau kāryabhedasyāhetukatvaprasaṅgāt | tad uktam:

tadatadrūpiṇo bhāvās tadatadrūpahetujāḥ ||
iti | 41

anyathānupādānād eva kṣityāder aṅkurādikam utpadyetety aṅkurārthino bījaṃ nānusareyuḥ | tasmād viparyayabādhakapramāṇabalād eva kāryatvasya hetumātrapūrvakatvenevopādānapūrvakatvenāpi vyāptisiddhir iti nyāyaḥ | na caivaṃ kāryamātrakartṛtvamātrayor api vyāptiprasādhakaṃ viparyaye bādhakaṃ pramāṇam asti, pūrvoktasya vyāpakānupalambhatrayasyātiprasaṅgacatuṣṭayasya ca prāg eva pratyākhyātatvāt | tasmāt kāryaṃ ca syāt na ca dhīmatkartṛpūrvakam iti śaṅkāṃ kurvāṇaḥ prativādī vinā caraṇamardanādinā niṣeddhum aśakyaḥ ||

nanu yadi dṛśyāgnidhūmasāmānyayor iva dṛśyā eva kāryakāraṇasāmānyayoḥ pratyakṣānupalambhato vyāptis tadā paracittānumānakṣatiḥ | svaparasantānasādhāraṇenādṛśyena cinmātreṇa pratyakṣato dṛśyaviṣayād vyāptigrahaṇāyogād ity api na vācyam | bāhyārthasthitau hi svaparasantānasādhāraṇasya cinmātrasya svarūpeṇādṛśyatve 'pi dṛśyaśarīreṇa sahaikasāmagrīpratibandhād avinirbhāgavartitvam asty eva | tato yathā ghaṭaviṣayaṃ pratyakṣaṃ rūpaikadeśapravṛttam apy avyabhicārāt samudāyopasthāpakam tathā dehagrāhakam eva pratyakṣaṃ dehāvinirbhāgavarti svaparasantānasādhāraṇaṃ cinmātraṃ kampāder vyāpakam adhigacchanti | tad evaṃ dṛśyātmano dṛśyāvinirbhāgavartino vā padārthasya vyāvahārikapaṭupratyakṣataḥ siddhir vyāptigrahaś ca, na tu tathātvavinākṛtādṛśyasādhāraṇacinmātrasyeti santānāntarānumānam ucitam | tasmād yadi pratyakṣānupalabhābhyāṃ vyāptigrahas tadā dṛśyenaiva dṛśyasyeti nyāyaḥ | tad ayaṃ saṃkṣepārthaḥ:

kāryatvasya vipakṣavṛttihataye sambhāvyate 'tīndriyaḥ kartā ced vyatirekasiddhividhurā vyāptiḥ kathaṃ sidhyati |
dṛśyo 'tha vyatirekasiddhimanasā kartā samāśrīyate tattyāge 'pi tadā tṛṇādikam iti vyaktaṃ vipakṣe kṣaṇam ||
42

ato na pratyakṣānupalmbhābhyām api vyāptisiddhiḥ ||

nanu bhūyodarśanādarśanābhyāṃ pratibandhaḥ pratīyata iti tṛtīya evāsamākaṃ pakṣaḥ | kevalaṃ sa pratibandho na tadutpattilakṣaṇo grahītavyaḥ | kin tu svābhāvikaḥ | sa eva darśanādarśanābhyāṃ pratīyate | tathā caitam evārthaṃ Vācaspatiḥ prāha:43 na sapakṣāsapakṣayor darśanādarśanābhyāṃ kāryatvasya gamakatvam api tu svābhāvikapratibandhabalād iti brūmaḥ | sa eva tu sapakṣāsapakṣayor darśanādarśanābhyāṃ vakṣyamāṇena krameṇa pratīyata iti tadupakṣepo 'pi yuktaḥ | tena yasyāsau svābhāvikaḥpratibandho niyataḥ siddhaḥ sa eva gamako gamyaś cetaraḥ sambandhīti yujyate | tathā hi dhūmādīnāṃ vahnyādibhiḥ saha sambandhaḥ svābhāviko na tu vahnyādīnāṃ dhūmādibhiḥ | te hi vinā dhūmādibhir upalambhyante | yadā tv ārdrendhanādisambandham anubhavanti tadā dhūmādibhiḥ sambadhyante | tasmād vahnyādīnām ārdredhanādyupādhikṛtaḥ sambandho na tu svābhāvikas tato na niyataḥ | svābhāvikas tu dhūmādīnāṃ vahnyādibhiḥ sambandhaḥ, tadupādher anupalabhyamānatvāt | kvacid vyabhicārasyādarśanāt | anupalabhyamānasyāpi kalpanānupapatteḥ | na cānupalabhyamāno darśanānarhatayā sādhakabādhakapramāṇābhāvena sandihyamāna upādhiḥ sambandhasya svābhāvikatvaṃ pratibadhnātīti yuktam | yathoktaṃ prāk seyaṃ saṃśayapiśācītyādi | tasmād upādhiṃ prayatnenānviṣyanto 'nupalabhyamānā nāstīty avagamya svābhāvikatvaṃ niścinumaḥ ||

syād etat | anyasyānyena sahakāraṇena cet svābhāvikaḥ sambandho bhavet, sarvaṃ sarveṇa sambadhyeta | tathā ca sarvaṃ sarvasmād gamyeta | athānyac ced anyasya kāryaṃ kasmāt sarvaṃ sarvasmān na bhavati, anyatvāviśeṣāt | tataś ca sa evātiprasaṅgaḥ | yady ucyeta svabhāvā na paryanuyojyāḥ | tasmād anyatvāviśeṣe 'pi kiñcid eva kāraṇaṃ kāryaṃ ca kiñcid iti | nanv eṣa svabhāvānanuyogo 'kāryakāraṇabhūtānām api svabhāvapratibandhe tulya eva | tasmād yat kiñcid etad api ||

kim asya sambandhasya vyāptigrāhakaṃ pramāṇam iti cet | ucyate

bhūyodarśanagamyā hi vyāptiḥ sāmānyadharmayoḥ | 44

iti prasiddham eva | asyāyam arthaḥ kāśikākāreṇa vyākhyātaḥ—prācīnānekadarśanajanitasaṃskārasahāye carame cetasi cakāsti dhūmasyāgniniyatasvabhāvatvam, ratnatattvam iva parīkṣakasya, śabdatattvam iva vyākaraṇasmṛtisaṃskṛtasya, brāhmaṇatvam iva mātāpitṛsambandhasmaraṇasacivasyetyādi | na hy etat sarvam āpātato na pratibhātam iti purastād api pratibhāsamānam anyathā bhavatīti ||

trilocanena punar ayam arthaḥ kathitah – bhūyodarśanena bhūyodarśanasahāyena manasā tajjātīyānāṃ sambandho gṛhīto bhavati | ato dhūmo 'gniṃ na vyabhicarati | tadvyabhicāre 'py upādhirahitaṃ sambandham atikrāmet | hetor vipakṣaśaṅkānivartakaṃ pramāṇam upalabdhilakṣaṇaprāptopādhivirahaniścayahetur anupalambhākhyaṃ pratyakṣam eva | tataḥ siddhaḥ svābhāvikaḥ sambandhaḥ | tathehāpīti svamataṃ vyavasthāpitam iti ||

Vācaspatināpīdam uktam – abhijātamaṇibhedatattvavad bhūyodarśanajanitasaṃskārasahāyam indriyam eva dhūmādīnāṃ vahnyādibhiḥ svābhāvikasambandhagrāhīti yuktam iti ||

atrocyate | 'bhede sati tadutpatter anyaḥ svābhāvikaḥ sambandhaḥ śabdāsphālanamātram evedam | na khalu nirūpyamāṇaḥ prāpyate | tathā hi svābhāvikas tu dhūmādīnāṃ vahnyādibhiḥ sambandhaḥ tadupādher anupalabhyamānatvāt | kvacid vyabhicārasyādarśanād iti tvayaivāsya lakṣaṇam uktam | etac cāsiddham | yataḥ, upādhiśabdena svato 'rthāntaram evāpekṣaṇīyam abhidhātavyam | na cārthāntaraṃ dṛśyatāniyatam, adṛśyasyāpi deśakālasvabhāvaviprakṛṣṭasya sambhavāt | tataś ca dhūmasyāpi hutāśena saha sambandhe syād upādhiḥ, na copalakṣyata iti katham adarśanān nāsty eva yataḥ svābhāvikasambandhasiddhiḥ ||

atha yady arthānataram apekṣaṇīyaṃ syāt | kathaṃ dhūma ity eva pāvakasattāniyama iti cet | nanv idam eva cintyate | tadutpatter asvīkāre sahasraśo darśane 'pi kiṃ sarvatra dhūme saty avaśyam agniḥ sambhavī na veti kadācid arthāntaram upādhim apekṣya dhūmo 'pi syān nāgnir iti kim atra niṣṭaṅkakāraṇam | tadupādher anupalabhyamānatvāt | kvacid vyabhicārasyādarśanād iti tu yad uktaṃ tat pratyuktam eva | adṛśyasyāpy upādheḥ sambhāvyamānatvāt | vyabhicārasya ca pratyayāntaravaikalyenāhatyādarśane 'pi niṣeddham aśakyatvāt | ata eva tayor bādhakābhāve 'pi sādhakabādhakapramāṇābhāvāt śaṅkā sambhavaty eva | na punas tavāmunā viklavavikrośitamātreṇa vyāvartate | na caitavatā prāmāṇikalokayātrātikramaḥ | prāmāṇikair eva sādhakabādhakapramāṇābhāve nyāyaprāptasya saṃśayasya vihitatvāt | na ca sarvatrāpravṛttiprasaṅgaḥ, pamāṇād arthasaṃśayāc ca pravṛtter upapatteḥ | na cānarthasandehaḥ sarvatra kartuṃ śakyate, kvacid arthonmukhatāyā eva darśanāt ||

yac cānyatvāviśeṣe 'pi kiñcid eva kāraṇaṃ kāryaṃ ca kiñcid iti svabhāvo yathā na paryanuyojyas tathaiṣa svabhāvānanuyogo 'kāryakāraṇabhūtā27a nām api svabhāva pratibandhe tulya eveti grāmyajanadhandhīkaraṇaṃ vandīkaraṇam atilāghavam āviskaroti vācaspateḥ | tathā hi vastutvāviśeṣe 'py agnir dahati nākāśam ity atra yathā nātiprasaṅgaḥ saṅgataḥ pramāṇasiddhatvād asyārthasya, tathā bhedāviśeṣe 'pi kiñcid eva kasyacit kāraṇaṃ kāryaṃ ca kiñcid ity atrāpi nātiprasaṅgāvatāraḥ | bhede sati tadanvayavyatirekānuvidhānalakṣaṇasya kāryakāraṇabhāvasya pramāṇasiddhatvād eva | na caivaṃ svābhāvikasambandhaśabdavācyo 'rthaḥ pramāṇasiddhaḥ kaścid asti, tallakṣaṇasyāsiddhatvād uktatvāt | na ca pratijñāsiddhe vastuny atiprasaṅgo nābhaidhātavyaḥ, sarveṣāṃ sarvatra tadrūpābhyupagamamātreṇa vijetṛtvaprasaṅgāt | yad āhālaṅkārakāraḥ:

yat kiñcid ātmābhimataṃ vidhāya niruttaras tatra kṛtaḥ pareṇa |
vastusvabhāvair iti vācyam itthaṃ tathottaraṃ syād vijayī samastaḥ ||

iti ||

kiṃ ca svābhāvikasambandha iti ko 'rthaḥ | kiṃ svato bhūtaḥ svahetuto bhūto 'hetuko veti trayaḥ pakṣāh | na tāvad ādyaḥ pakṣaḥ, svātmani kāritravirodhāt | dvitīyapakṣe tu tadutpattir eva sambandho mukhāntareṇa svīkṛta iti na kaścid vivādaḥ |ahetukatve tu deśakālasvabhāvaniyamābhāvaprasaṅgād ity asaṅgataḥ svābhāvikaḥ sambandhaḥ ||

etena yad uktam: na sapakṣāsapakṣayor darśanādarśanābhyāṃ kāryatvasya gamakatvam api tu svābhāvikasambandhabalād iti brūmaḥ, sa eva tu sapakṣāsapakṣayor darśanādarśanābhyāṃ vakṣyamāṇena krameṇa pratīyata iti, tadiṣṭakāmatāmātrāviṣkaraṇam iti mantavyam | svābhāvikasambandhasya hy upādhinirapekṣaniyatatvaṃ lakṣaṇam uktam | tasya coktanyāyenāsiddhau bhūyodarśanajanitasaṃskārasahāye carame cetasi manasi vā tathābhūtaṃ niyatatvaṃ parisphuratīti sahṛdayena vaktum aśakyatvāt |

yac ca śabdatattvam iva brāhmaṇatvam iveti dṛṣṭāntīkṛtaṃ tad dvayam apy asmān pratyasiddham iti dṛṣṭāntayitum anucitam | abhijātamaṇibhedatattvaṃ tu parisphuratīti yuktam | tasya hy upadeśaparamparāto māṇikyavattenāpi kaṣṭenendradhanurākārajyotirādikaṃ lakṣaṇaṃ niścitam | na caivaṃ svābhāvikasambandhalakṣaṇaṃ tvayā svakapolaracitam api pramāṇena niścitam | yenāsyāpi tādṛśī vyavasthā syād iti yat kiñcid etat ||

kiṃ ca bhavatu tāvad ayam anavadhāritarūpaḥ svābhāvikaḥ sambandhaḥ, tathāpi darśanādarśanābhyām asya grahaṇam atidurlabham | tathā hi yadi prācīnānekadarśanajanitasaṃskārasahāyena caramacetasā dhūmasyāgniniyatatvaṃ grāhyaṃ tadā sapakṣāsapakṣayoḥ koṭiśaḥ pravṛttadarśanādarśanajanitasaṃskārasahāyena caramacetasā pārthivatvasyāpi lohalekhyatvaniyatatvaṃ gṛhyata iti pārthivatvād api lohalekhyatvasiddhir astu | atha pārthivatvasya lohalekhyatvaniyatatvam eva nāsti vajre vyabhicāradarśanāt | tat kathaṃ pratyakṣeṇa niyatatvagrahaḥ | tarhi dhūmasya vahniniyatatvam eva nāsti, vyabhicārābhāvasya darśayitum aśakyatvāt | tat kathaṃ caramacittena niyamagraha ity apy tulyam |

vyabhicārādarśanād avyabhicāra iti cet | nanu vyabhicārādarśanād avyabhicāra iti ko 'rthaḥ | kiṃ vyabhicārādarśanād avyabhicāraḥ, vyabhicārābhāvād vā | prathame pakṣe vyabhicāro bhavatu mā vā vyabhicārādarśanād evāvyabhicāra iti niṣṇātaṃ pāṇḍityam | atha dvitīyaḥ pakṣaḥ | tadā vyabhicārābhāvaḥ kuto jñātaḥ | adarśanād iti cet | tat kim adarśanamātraṃ dṛśyādarśanaṃ vā | prathamam aśaktam | na hy adarśane 'pi vyabhicāro nāstīty abhidhātuṃ śakyate, cirakālanaṣṭabrāhmaṇīvyabhicāravat | āhatyādarśane 'py aticirakālavyavadhānena vyabhicāradarśanāt | dvitīyaṃ cāsambhavi, kvacit kadācit kenacid vyabhicāradarśanasāmagryāṃ satyāṃ vyabhicāradarśanāt | darśanasāmagrībhāve tu pratyayāntaravaikalyāt deśakālāntaravartitvād vā vyabhicārasya salakṣaṇaprāptatvābhāvāt | tasmāt saty api vyabhicāre tadupalambhasāmagryabhāvād vyabhicārānupalambhaḥ | prakārāntareṇa vā tadutpattilakṣaṇenāvyabhicāre vyabhicārānupalambha ity ubhayathāpi vyabhicāropalambhanivṛttir astu | tvayā tu yad avyabhicārapratipattinibandhanaṃ darśanādarśanam upavarṇitaṃ tatpārthivatvādau vyabhicārād dhūme 'pi nāvyabhicāranibandhanam iti dhūmo 'pi tvanmate nāśvāsabhājam iti prasaktam |

asmanmate tu pratyakṣānupalambhābhyām ekatra kāryakāraṇabhāvasiddhau na vyabhicāraśaṅkāsambhavaḥ | tadabhāve tu: hetumattāṃ vilaṅghayed 45 iti nyāyāt na saṃśayapiśācāvasaraḥ | tad evaṃ bhūyodarśanādarśanābhyām api na vyāptisiddhiḥ |

tarhi sakṛt sapakṣāsapakṣayor darśanādarśanābhyām vyāpter niścaya iti caturtha eva pakṣo 'stu | tathā hi kāryatvasya buddhimanmātrapūrvakatvenānvayo ghaṭādau dṛṣtaḥ, ākāśādau buddhimatkāraṇanivṛttau kāryatvasya vyatirekaḥ | tataś ca sakṛdanvayavyatirekasiddhau vyāpteḥ siddhatvāt kuto 'naikāntikatā |

atrābhidhīyate | yadi buddhimatkāraṇakāryatvayor ekatra pratibandhaḥ pramāṇapratītaḥ syāt tadākāśādau buddhimannnivṛttau kāryatvasya nivṛttir iti yuktam | sa ca pratibandhaḥ tādātmyaṃ tadutpattiḥ svābhāviko 'nyo vā na sidhyati sādhakapramāṇābhāvād ity anantaram evāveditam | tataś cākāśādau buddhimannivṛttir api syāt | na ca kāryatvasya nivṛttir iti sandigdhavipakṣavyāvṛttikatvād anaikāntikaṃ kāryatvam |

nanv ākāśasyāsamanmate nityatvaṃ tvanmate cāsattvam | tat katham ataḥ kāryatvavyatirekaḥ sandigdha iti cet | ucyate | na hy ākāśe kāryatvavyāvṛttimātraṃ vyatirekaḥ | kin tu sādhyābhāvaprayuktaḥ sādhanābhāvo vyatirekaḥ | sa cākāśe grahītum aśakyaḥ | yathā tatra buddhimatkāraṇanivṛttis tathā 'cetanasyāpi kāraṇasya nivṛttiḥ | tat kasyābhāvaprayuktaḥ kāryābhāvaḥ pratīyatāṃ yena vyatirekaḥ sidhyati ||

nanu satyam evaitat | yathākāśe buddhimatkāraṇanivṛttis tathā kāraṇamātrasyāpi tatra nivṛttir na buddhimatkāraṇavyatirekānuvidhāyitvaṃ kāryatvasya niścetuṃ śakyate | tathāpi ghatādau kāryatvasya buddhimatānvayadarśanākāśe 'pi buddhimadabhāvaprayuktaḥ kāryatvābhāvaḥ pratīyate | tat kathaṃ vyatirekāsiddhir iti cet | hanta ghaṭādāv api na kāryatvasya sattāmātram anvayaḥ | kiṃ tu sādhyasadbhāvaprayuktaḥ sādhanasadbhāvaḥ | sa ca ghaṭe grahītum aśakyaḥ | yathā hi tatra buddhimadbhāvas tathā kaṭakuḍyādibhāvo 'pi | tat ka evaṃ jānātu kiṃ buddhimadbhāve kāryatvasya bhāvo yad vā kaṭakuḍyādibhāve bhāva iti | tasmād atra viśiṣṭānvayavyatirekagrahaṇapravaṇaviśiṣṭapratyakṣānupalambhāv anusartavyau yad dṛśyayor eva kāryakāraṇayos tadutpattisiddhāv anvayavyatirekau sidhyataḥ ||

na ca pratibandhasādhakaṃ pramāṇaṃ svapne 'py astīti caturtho 'pi pakṣaḥ kṣataḥ |

tad evaṃ buddhimatkāryamātrayor vyāpter asiddhāv adhikaraṇasiddhānta46nyāyād upādānādyabhijñaḥ sarvajñaḥ puruṣaviśeṣaḥ sidhyatīti pratyāśā durāśaiva ||

yac ca kriyāsāmānyasya pakṣadharmatāvaśāc cakṣurlakṣaṇakaraṇaviśeṣasiddhir iti dṛṣṭānto darśitaḥ so 'pi sādhyābhinnaḥ | tatra hi rūpajñānānyathānupapattyā siddhasya kāraṇāntarasyaiva cakṣur indriyam iti nāmakaraṇāt | rūpajñānajanakatvātiriktasya cakṣurlakṣaṇaviśeṣasyāsiddhatvāt | atha rūpajñānajanakatvam eva cakṣuṣṭvam ucyate | bhavatu ko doṣaḥ | etad evāsmābhiḥ kāraṇāntaram ucyate | tathaiva yadi tvayāpi buddhimatsāmānyāśrayamātrasya puruṣaviśeṣa iti nāma kriyate, tadā nāsmākaṃ kādacid vipratipattiḥ | paramārthato buddhimatsāmānyāśraye sarvajñatvādiviśeṣaś cakṣurādiviśeṣavat sidhyatīti tatra vivadāmahe | ubhayor api dṛṣṭāntadārṣṭāntikayor viśeṣasādhanasāmarthyābhāvāt ||

tad ayaṃ saṃkṣepārthaḥ:

dṛśye tu sādhye vyabhicāra eva dṛśyaṃ na cen na vyatirekasiddhiḥ |
47
sādhāraṇatvād atha vā vipakṣasandehataḥ sādhyam ato na sidhyati ||

itīśvaro dattājalāñjaliḥ ||

  1. (ŚV II 60cd)
  2. (=TS 2871) tattvasangrahapanjika.xml#ts__2872.
  3. (=TS 122)
  4. (PV IV 91)
  5. (PV III 251ab)
  6. (JNA 285,7-10)
  7. The following collects material from ad NSū 1.1.5, pp. 135--136 (#nvtṭ-nsū_1-1.5).
  8. (ŚV, anumāna, 12)
  9. (PV I 34d)
  10. A separate hand adds yasminna[rthe] sidhyanti tadanuyāyīnya[rthā]ntarā[ṇi] sidhyanti so 'dhikaraṇasiddhāntaḥ | Cf. Ⅰ.i.30.
  11. Cf. 296.