śabdārthapratyayānām itaretarādhyāsāt saṃkaras tatpravibhāgasaṃyamāt sarvabhūtarutajñānam //3.17//

ayam aparaḥ saṃyamasya viṣaya upakṣipyate --- śabdārthapratyayānām itaretarādhyāsāt saṃkaras tatpravibhāgasaṃyamāt sarvabhūtarutajñānam/ atra vācakaṃ śabdam ācikhyāsuḥ prathamaṃ tāvad vāgvyāpāraviṣayam āha --- tatra vāg vāgindriyaṃ varṇavyañjakam aṣṭasthānam/ yathāha ---

"aṣṭau sthānāni varṇānām uraḥ kaṇṭhaḥ śiras tathā/ jihvāmūlaṃ ca dantāś ca nāsikauṣṭhau ca tālu ca" pāṇinīyaśikṣā 13 iti//

sā vāg varṇeṣv eva yathālokapratītisiddheṣv arthavatī na ca vācaka ity arthaḥ/ śrotravyāpāraviṣayaṃ nirūpayati --- śrotraṃ punar dhvaner udānasya vāgindriyābhighātino yaḥ pariṇatibhedo 137 varṇātmā tenākāreṇa pariṇataṃ tanmātraviṣayaṃ na tu vācakaviṣayam ity arthaḥ/ yathālokapratītisiddhebhyo varṇebhyo vācakaṃ bhinatti --- padaṃ punar vācakaṃ punar nādānusaṃhārabuddhinirgrāhyaṃ yathāpratītisiddhān nādān varṇān pratyekaṃ gṛhītvānu paścād yā saṃharaty ekatvam āpādayati gaur ity etad ekaṃ padam iti tayā padaṃ gṛhyate/ yady api prācyo+api buddhayo varṇākāraṃ padam eva pratyekaṃ gocarayanti tathāpi na viśadaṃ prathate/ carame tu vijñāne tad ativiśadam iti nādānusaṃhārabuddhinirgrāhyam uktam/ yas tu vaijātyād ekapadānubhavam avijñāya varṇān eva vācakān ātiṣṭhate taṃ pratyāha --- varṇā iti/ te khalv amī varṇāḥ pratyekaṃ vācyaviṣayāṃ dhiyam ādadhīran nāgadantakā iva śikyāvalambanaṃ saṃhatā vā grāvāṇa iva piṭharadhāraṇam/ na tāvat prathamaḥ kalpaḥ/ ekasmād arthapratīter anutpatter utpattau vā dvitīyādīnām anuccāraṇaprasaṅgo niṣpāditakriye karmaṇi viśeṣānādhāyinaḥ sādhanasya sādhananyāyātipātāt/ tasmād dvitīyaḥ pariśiṣyate/ saṃbhavati hi grāvṇāṃ saṃhatānāṃ piṭharadhāraṇam ekasamayabhāvitvāt/ varṇānāṃ tu yaugapadyāsaṃbhavo+ataḥ parasparam anugrāhyānugrāhakatvāyogāt saṃbhūyāpi nārthadhiyam ādadhate/ te padarūpam ekam asaṃspṛśantas tādātmyenāta evānupasthāpayanta āvirbhūtās tirobhūtā ayaḥśalākākalpāḥ pratyekam apadasvarūpā ucyante/ yadi punaḥ padam ekaṃ tādātmyena spṛśeyur varṇās tato noktadoṣaprasaṅga ity āha --- varṇaḥ punar ekaikaḥ padātmā sarvābhidhānaśaktipracitaḥ sarvābhir abhidhānaśaktibhir nicito gogaṇagauranagetyādiṣu hi gakāro gotvādyarthābhidhāyiṣu dṛṣṭa iti tattadabhidhānaśaktiḥ/ evaṃ somaśocir ityādiṣv īśvarādyarthābhidhāyiṣu padeṣv ovarṇo dṛṣṭa iti so+api tattadabhidhānaśaktiḥ/ evaṃ sarvatrohanīyam/ sa caikaiko varṇo gakārādiḥ sahakāri yad varṇāntaram okārādi tad eva pratiyogi pratisaṃbandhi yasya sa tathoktas tasya bhāvas tattvaṃ tasmād vaiśvarūpyaṃ nānātvam ivāpanno na tu nānātvam āpannas tasya tattvād eva pūrvo varṇo gakāra uttareṇaukāreṇa gaṇādipadebhyo vyāvartyottaraś caukāro gakāreṇa śocirādipadebhyo vyāvartya 138 viśeṣe gotvavācake gopadasphoṭe+avasthāpito+anusaṃhārabuddhau/ ayam abhisaṃdhiḥ --- arthapratyayo hi varṇair niyatakramatayā parasparam asaṃbhavadbhir aśakyaḥ kartum/ na ca saṃskāradvārāgneyādīnām iva paramāpūrve vā svarge vā janayitavye+aniyatakramāṇām api sāhityam arthabuddhyupajanane varṇānām iti sāṃprataṃ vikalpāsahatvāt/ sa khalv ayaṃ varṇānubhavajanyaḥ saṃskāraḥ smṛtiprasavahetur anyo vāgneyādijanya ivāpūrvābhidhāno na tāvad anantaraḥ kalpanāgauravāpatteḥ/ sa eva tāvad adṛṣṭapūrvaḥ kalpanīyas tasya ca kramavadbhir varṇānubhavair ekasya janyatvaṃ na saṃbhavatīti tajjātīyānekāvāntarasaṃskārakalpaneti gauravam/ na caiṣa jñāpakahetvaṅgam ajñātas tadaṅgatām anubhavatīti/ na khalu saṃbandho+arthapratyāyanāṅgam ajñāto+aṅgatām upaiti/ smṛtiphalaprasavānumitas tu saṃskāraḥ svakāraṇānubhavaviṣayaniyato na viṣayāntare pratyayam ādhātum utsahate/ anyathā yat kiṃcid evaikaikam anubhūya sarvaḥ sarvaṃ jānīyād iti/ na ca pratyekavarṇānubhavajanitasaṃskārapiṇḍalabdhajanmasmṛtidarpaṇasamārohiṇo varṇāḥ samadhigatasahabhāvā vācakā iti sāṃpratam/ kramākramaviparītakramānubhūtānāṃ tatrāviśeṣeṇārthadhījananaprasaṅgāt/ na caitat smaraṇajñānaṃ pūrvānubhavavartinīṃ parāparatāṃ gocarayitum arhati/ tasmād varṇebhyo+asaṃbhavann arthapratyaya ekapadānubhavam eva svanimittam upakalpayati/ na caiṣa pade+api prasaṅgaḥ/ tad dhi pratyekam eva prayatnabhedabhinnā dhvanayo vyañjayantaḥ parasparavisadṛśatattatpadavyañjakadhvanibhis tulyasthānakaraṇaniṣpannāḥ sadṛśāḥ santo 'nyonyavisadṛśaiḥ padaiḥ padam ekaṃ sadṛśam āpādayantaḥ pratiyogibhedena tattatsādṛśyānāṃ bhedāt tadupadhānād ekam apy anavayavam api sāvayavam ivānekātmakam ivāvabhāsayanti, yathā niyatavarṇaparimāṇasaṃsthānaṃ mukham ekam api maṇikṛpāṇadarpaṇādayo vibhinnavarṇaparimāṇasaṃsthānam anekam ādarśayanti na paramārthataḥ/ sādṛśyopadhānabhedakalpitā bhāgā eva nirbhāgasya padasya varṇās tena tadbuddhir varṇātmanā padabhede sphoṭam abhedam eva nirbhāgam eva sabhedam iva sabhāgam ivālambate/ ato gopadasphoṭabhedasyaikasya gakārabhāgo gaurādipadasphoṭasādṛśyena na nirdhārayanti svabhāginam ity okāreṇa viśiṣṭo nirdhārayaty evam okāro 'pi bhāgaḥ śocirādipadasadṛśatayā na śakto nirdhārayituṃ svabhāginaṃ gopadasphoṭam iti gakāreṇa viśiṣṭo nirdhārayati/ asahabhāvinām api ca saṃskāradvāreṇāsti sahabhāva iti viśeṣaṇaviśeṣyabhāvopapattiḥ/ na ca bhinnaviṣayatvaṃ saṃskārayor bhāgadvayaviṣayayor anubhavayos tajjanmanoś ca saṃskārayor ekapadaviṣayatvāt/ kevalabhāgānubhavena 139 padam avyaktam anubhūyate+anusaṃhāradhiyā tu bhāgānubhavayonisaṃskāralabdhajanmanā vyaktam iti viśeṣaḥ/ avyaktānubhavāś ca prāñcaḥ saṃskārādhānakrameṇa vyaktam anubhavam ādadhānā dṛṣṭā yathā dūrād vanaspatāv astipratyayā avyaktā vyaktavanaspatipratyayahetavaḥ/ na ceyaṃ vidhā varṇānām arthapratyāyane saṃbhavinī/ no khalu varṇāḥ pratyekam avyaktam arthapratyayam ādadhaty ante vyaktam iti śakyaṃ vaktum/ pratyakṣajñāna eva niyamād vyaktāvyaktatvasya/ varṇādheyas tv arthapratyayo na pratyakṣas tad eṣa varṇebhyo jāyamānaḥ sphuṭa eva jāyeta/ na vā jāyeta na tv asphuṭaḥ/ sphoṭasya tu dhvanivyaṅgyasya pratyakṣasya sataḥ sphuṭāsphuṭatve kalpyete ity asamānam/ evaṃ pratyekavarṇānubhavajanitasaṃskārasahitaśrotralabdhajanmany anusaṃhārabuddhau saṃhatā varṇā ekapadasphoṭabhāvam āpannāḥ prayatnaviśeṣavyaṅgyatayā prayatnaviśeṣasya ca niyatakramāpekṣatayā kramasyānyatve tadabhivyañjakaprayatnaviśeṣābhāvena tadabhivyaktyabhāvaprasaṅgāt kramānurodhino 'rthasaṃketenāvacchinnāḥ saṃketāvacchedam eva laukikaṃ sabhāgapadaviṣayaṃ darśayanti, iyanto dvitrās tricaturāḥ pañcaṣā vā ete sarvābhidhānaśaktiparivṛtā gakāraukāravisarjanīyāḥ sāsnādimantam artham avadyotayantīti/ tat kim idānīṃ saṃketānusāreṇa varṇānām eva vācakatvaṃ tathā ca na padaṃ nāma kiṃcid ekam ity ata āha --- tad eteṣām iti/ dhvaninimittaḥ kramo dhvanikramaḥ/ upasaṃhṛto dhvanikramo yeṣu te tathoktāḥ/ buddhyā nirbhāsyate prakāśyata iti buddhinirbhāsaḥ/ saṃketāvacchinnāḥ sthūladarśilokāśayānurodhena gakāraukāravisarjanīyā ity uktam/ gakārādīnām api tadbhāgatayā tādātmyena vācakatvāt pratītyanusāratas tv ekam eva padaṃ vācakam ity arthaḥ/ etad eva spaṣṭayati --- tad ekaṃ padaṃ lokabuddhyā pratīyata iti saṃbandhaḥ/ kasmād ekam ity ata āha --- ekabuddhiviṣayo gaur ity ekaṃ padam ity ekākārāyā buddher viṣayo yatas tasmād ekam/ tasya vyañjakam āha --- ekaprayatnākṣiptam iti/ rasa itipadavyañjakāt prayatnād vilakṣaṇaḥ sara itipadavyañjakaḥ prayatnaḥ/ sa copakramataḥ sara itipadavyaktilakṣaṇaphalāvacchinnaḥ pūrvāparībhūta ekas tadākṣiptaṃ bhāgānāṃ sādṛśyopadhānabhedakalpitānāṃ paramārthasatām abhāvād abhāgam/ ata eva pūrvāparībhūtabhāvād akramam/ nanu varṇāḥ pūrvāparībhūtās te cāsya bhāgā iti katham akramam abhāgaṃ cety ata āha --- avarṇam/ na hy asya varṇā bhāgāḥ kiṃ tu sādṛśyopadhānabhedāt 140 padam eva tena tenākāreṇāparamārthasatā prathate/ na hi maṇikṛpāṇadarpaṇādivartīni mukhāni mukhasya paramārthasato+avayavā iti/ bauddham anusaṃhārabuddhau viditam antyavarṇapratyayasya vyāpāraḥ saṃskāraḥ pūrvavarṇānubhavajanitasaṃskārasahitas tenopasthāpitaṃ viṣayīkṛtam/ varṇānubhavatattatsaṃskārāṇāṃ ca padaviṣayatvam upapāditam adhastāt/ syād etad abhāgam akramam avarṇaṃ cet padatattvaṃ kasmād evaṃvidhaṃ kadācin na prathate na hi lākṣārasāvasekopadhānāpāditāruṇabhāvaḥ sphaṭikamaṇis tadapagame svacchadhavalo nānubhūyate tasmāt pāramārthikā eva varṇā ity ata āha --- paratreti/ pratipipādayiṣayā varṇair evābhidhīyamānair uccāryamāṇaiḥ śrūyamāṇaiś ca śrotṛbhir anādir yo 'yaṃ vāgvyavahāro vibhaktavarṇapadanibandhanas tajjanitā vāsanā sāpy anādir eva/ tadanuviddhayā tadvāsitayā lokabuddhyā vibhaktavarṇarūṣitapadāvagāhinyā siddhavat paramārthavat saṃpratipattyā saṃvādena vṛddhānāṃ padaṃ pratīyate/ etad uktaṃ bhavati --- asti kaścid upādhir ya upadheyena saṃyujyate viyujyate ca/ yathā lākṣādis tatra tadviyoge sphaṭikaḥ svābhāvikena svacchadhavalena rūpeṇa prakāśata iti yujyate/ padapratyayasya tu prayatnabhedopanītadhvanibhedād anyato+anutpādāt tasya ca sadā sādṛśyadoṣarūṣitatayā varṇātmanaiva pratyayajanakatvam iti kuto nirupādhinaḥ padasya prathā/ yathāhuḥ ---

"dhvanayaḥ sadṛśātmāno viparyāsasya hetavaḥ/ upalambhakam eteṣāṃ viparyāsasya kāraṇam/ upāyatvāc ca niyataḥ padadarśitadarśinām/ jñānasyaiva ca bādheyaṃ loke dhruvam upaplavaḥ" iti/

yataḥ padātmā vibhaktavarṇarūṣitaḥ prakāśate+ataḥ sthūladarśī loko varṇān eva padam abhimanyamānas tān eva prakārabhedabhājo+arthabhede saṃketayatīty āha --- tasyeti/ tasya padasyājānata ekasyāpi saṃketabuddhitaḥ sthūladarśilokahitāya varṇātmanā vibhāgaḥ/ vibhāgam āha --- etāvatāṃ na nyūnānām adhikānāṃ vā, evaṃjātīyako nairantaryakramaviśeṣo 'nusaṃhāra ekabuddhyupagraha ekasyārthasya gotvāder vācaka iti/ nanu yady ekasyārthasyāyaṃ śabdo vācaka iti saṃketo hanta bhoḥ śabdārthayor netaretarādhyāsas tarhīty ata āha --- saṃketas tv iti/ smṛtāv ātmā 141 svarūpaṃ yasya sa tathoktaḥ/ na hi kṛta ity eva saṃketo+artham avadhārayaty api tu smaryamāṇaḥ/ etad uktaṃ bhavati --- abhinnākāra eva saṃkete kathaṃcid bhedaṃ vikalpya ṣaṣṭhī prayukteti/ ya eṣāṃ pravibhāgajñaḥ sa tatra saṃyame bhavati sarvavit sarvabhūtarutajña iti/ tad evaṃ vikalpitavarṇabhāgam ekam anavayavaṃ padaṃ vyutpādya kalpitapadavibhāgaṃ vākyam ekam anavayavaṃ vyutpādayitum āha --- sarvapadeṣu cāsti vākyaśaktiḥ/ ayam abhisaṃdhiḥ --- parapratyāyanāya śabdaḥ prayujyate tatra tad eva ca paraṃ prati pratipādayitavyaṃ yat taiḥ pratipitsitaṃ, tad eva taiḥ pratipitsitaṃ yadupādānādigocaraḥ/ na ca padārthamātraṃ tadgocaraḥ kiṃ tu vākyārtha iti vākyārthaparā eva sarve śabdās tena sa eva teṣām arthaḥ/ ato yatrāpi kevalasya padasya prayogas tatrāpi padāntareṇa sahaikīkṛtya tato+artho gamyate, na tu kevalāt kasmāt tanmātrasyāsāmarthyāt tathā ca vākyam eva tatra tatra vācakaṃ na tu padāni/ tadbhāgatayā tu teṣām apy asti vākyārthavācakaśaktiḥ padārtha iva padabhāgatayā varṇānām/ tena yathā varṇa ekaikaḥ sarvapadārthābhidhānaśaktiḥ pracita evaṃ padam apy ekaikaṃ sarvavākyārthābhidhānaśaktipracitam/ tad idam uktam --- sarvapadeṣu cāsti vākyaśaktir vṛkṣa ity ukte 'stīti gamyate/ adhyāhṛtāstipadasahitaṃ vṛkṣa iti padaṃ vākyārthe vartata iti tadbhāgatvād vṛkṣapadaṃ tatra vartate/ kasmāt punar astīti gamyata ity ata āha --- na sattāṃ padārtho vyabhicaratīti/ loka eva hi padānām arthāvadhāraṇopāyaḥ/ sa ca kevalaṃ padārtham astyarthenābhisamasya sarvatra vākyārthī karoti so+ayam avyabhicāraḥ sattayā padārthasyāta eva śabdavṛttividāṃ vyavahāro yatrānyat kriyāpadaṃ nāsti tatrāstir bhavantīparaḥ prayoktavya iti/ kriyābhedāvyabhicāri prātipadikam uktvā kriyābhedaṃ kārakāvyabhicāriṇaṃ darśayati --- tathā ca pacatīty ukta iti/ pacatīty ukte hi kārakamātrasya tadanvayayogyasyāvagamād anyavyāvṛttiparas tadbhedānām anuvādaḥ/ tad evaṃ bheda eva vākyārtha iti tathānapekṣam 142 api padaṃ vākyārthe vartamānaṃ dṛśyata iti sutarām asti vākyaśaktiḥ padānām ity āha --- dṛṣṭaṃ ceti/ na caitāvatāpi śrotriyādipadasya svatantrasyaivaṃvidhārthapratyāyanaṃ na yāvad astyādibhir abhisamāso+asya bhavati/ tathā cāsyāpi vākyāvayavatvāt kalpitatvam eveti bhāvaḥ/ syād etat padānām eva ced vākyaśaktiḥ kṛtaṃ tarhi vākyena tebhya eva tadarthāvasāyād ity ata āha --- tatra vākya iti/ uktam etan na kevalāt padāt padārthaḥ pratipitsitaḥ pratīyate na yāvad etat padāntareṇābhisamasyata iti/ tathā ca vākyāt padāny apoddhṛtya kalpitāni vākyārthāc cāpoddhṛtya tadekadeśaṃ kārakaṃ vā kriyāṃ vā tatpadaṃ prakṛtyādivibhāgakalpanayā vyākaraṇīyam anvākhyeyam/ kimarthaṃ punar etāvatā kleśenānvākhyāyata ity ata āha --- anyatheti/ ghaṭo bhavati bhavati bhikṣāṃ dehi bhavati tiṣṭhatīti nāmākhyātayoś ca sāmyāt/ evam aśvas tvam aśvo yātīti/ evam ajāpayaḥ piba, ajāpayaḥ śatrūn iti nāmākhyātasārūpyād anirjñātaṃ nāmatvenākhyātatvena vānvākhyānābhāve niṣkṛṣyājñātaṃ kathaṃ kriyāyāṃ kārake vā vyākriyeta/ tasmād vākyāt padāny apoddhṛtya vyākhyātavyāni/ na tv anvākhyānād eva pāramārthiko vibhāgaḥ padānām iti/ tad evaṃ śabdarūpaṃ vyutpādya śabdārthapratyayānāṃ saṃketāpāditasaṃkarāṇām asaṃkaram ākhyātum upakramate --- teṣāṃ śabdārthapratyayānāṃ pravibhāgas tadyathā śvetate prāsāda iti kriyārthaḥ śabdaḥ/ sphuṭataro hy atra pūrvāparībhūtāyāḥ kriyāyāḥ sādhyarūpāyāḥ siddharūpaḥ kriyārthaḥ śvetata iti bhinnaḥ śabdaḥ/ yatrāpi śabdārthayoḥ siddharūpatvaṃ tatrāpy arthād asti śabdasya bheda ity āha --- śvetaḥ prāsāda iti kārakārthaḥ śabdaḥ/ abhihitatvāc ca kārakavibhakter abhāvaḥ/ 143 arthaṃ vibhajate --- kriyākārakātmā tadarthas tayoḥ śabdayor arthaḥ kriyātmā kārakātmā ca/ pratyayaṃ vibhajate --- pratyayaś ceti/ caśabdena tadartha ity etat padam atrānukṛṣyate/ tad atrānyapadārthapradhānaṃ saṃbadhyate/ sa eva kriyākārakātmārtho yasya sa tathoktaḥ/ nanv abhedena pratīteḥ śabdārthapratyayānāṃ saṃkarāt kutaḥ pravibhāga ity āśayavān pṛcchati --- kasmād iti/ uttaram āha --- so+ayam ity abhisaṃbandhād iti/ saṃketopādhir ekākārapratyayo na tu tāttvika ity arthaḥ/ saṃketasya nimittatā darśitā saṃketa iti saptamyā/ paramārtham āha --- yas tu śveto+artha iti/ avasthā navapurāṇatvādayaḥ/ sahagataḥ saṃkīrṇaḥ/ evaṃ ca pravibhāgasaṃyamād yoginaḥ sarveṣāṃ bhūtānāṃ paśumṛgasarīsṛpavayaḥprabhṛtīnāṃ yāni rutāni tatrāpy avyaktaṃ padaṃ tadarthas tatpratyayaś ceti/ tad iha manuṣyavacanavācyapratyayeṣu kṛtaḥ saṃyamaḥ samānajātīyatayā teṣv api kṛta eveti/ teṣāṃ rutaṃ tadarthabhedaṃ tatpratyayaṃ ca yogī jānātīti siddham //3.17//